Week 10 - Nervous System Summary

Open Ended

Why is homeostasis important for the functioning of the human body?

Open Ended

List three internal factors the body maintains via homeostasis.

Open Ended

Explain how the structure and function of neurons enable signals to be transported between and within body systems.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the main function of the nervous system as outlined in the key ideas?

• It produces hormones to regulate metabolism.

• It allows communication between organs and response to stimuli.

• It breaks down food for energy.

• It transports oxygen throughout the body.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are components of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

• Brain and spinal cord

• All nerves outside the CNS

• Only the spinal cord

• Only the brain

Multiple Choice

Based on the flowchart, which part of the nervous system controls involuntary body functions?

• Somatic nervous system

• Autonomic nervous system

• Central nervous system

• Peripheral nervous system

Fill in the Blank

Fill in the blank: The Central Nervous System (CNS) is made up of the brain and ___.

Open Ended

List and briefly describe the four main parts of a neuron.

Open Ended

Explain how the structure of a neuron supports its function in transmitting electrical impulses.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of the myelin sheath?

• Insulates the electrical signal

• Accelerates the electrical impulse

• Receives input from surrounding cells

• Protects the axon

Multiple Choice

Which part of the neuron is primarily responsible for receiving input from surrounding cells and molecules?

• Dendrites

• Axon

• Soma

• Myelin Sheath

Open Ended

Compare the roles of afferent (sensory) neurons and efferent (motor) neurons in the nervous system.

Fill in the Blank

Reflex arcs connect sensory neurons to interneurons in the ___ cord and directly to motor neurons.

Open Ended

What is the sequence of events that occurs in a reflex arc, starting from the arrival of a stimulus?

Multiple Choice

What is the main role of a stimulus received by dendrites in the conduction of electrical impulses along neurons?

• It causes the release of neurotransmitters at the axon terminal.

• It causes a change in the electrical potential of the soma and axon, initiating an action potential.

• It repolarizes the axon membrane immediately.

• It blocks the passage of electrical signals.

Multiple Select

Which of the following changes occur during the propagation of an action potential along an axon?

• Depolarisation spreads down the axon

• The first part of the membrane repolarises

• The action potential continues to travel down the axon

• The axon becomes hyperpolarised

Fill in the Blank

Fill in the blank: At rest, the inside of a neuron has a ___ charge relative to the outside.

Multiple Choice

What happens immediately after the peak of action potential voltage in a neuron?

• K+ channels open and K+ ions exit the cell, leading to repolarisation.

• Na+ channels open and Na+ ions enter the cell, leading to depolarisation.

• Na+ pump stops functioning, causing Na+ ions to accumulate inside the cell.

• K+ channels close and K+ ions remain inside the cell, maintaining depolarisation.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about threshold potential and action potential are correct?

• Threshold potential is the level of depolarisation required to initiate an action potential.

• If the threshold potential is not reached, an action potential will not occur.

• The change in voltage must go from -70mV to -55mV to trigger an action potential.

• If the threshold potential is met, the neuron will fire at partial strength.

Open Ended

Explain how the movement of sodium and potassium ions across the neuron membrane contributes to the generation and propagation of an action potential.

Fill in the Blank

The gap between neurons where neurotransmitters cross is called the ___.

Multiple Choice

Homeostasis helps the body maintain a stable internal environment. Which of the following is NOT typically regulated by homeostasis?

• Body temperature

• Blood glucose levels

• Atmospheric pressure

• Water balance

Open Ended

Reflecting on today's lesson about homeostasis and the nervous system, what is one concept you found most interesting or would like to learn more about?