Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical and Chemical Properties

Assessment

Presentation

Science

6th - 8th Grade

Practice Problem

Medium

NGSS
MS-PS1-2, MS-PS1-5, MS-PS1-1

Standards-aligned

Created by

Barbara White

Used 152+ times

FREE Resource

9 Slides • 10 Questions

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Physical and Chemical Properties

Middle School

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Learning Objectives

  • Define physical and chemical properties and provide examples of each.

  • Differentiate between physical and chemical changes in matter.

  • Identify the five key signs that indicate a chemical reaction has occurred.

  • Apply knowledge to classify properties and changes as either physical or chemical.

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Key Vocabulary

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Matter

The stuff that every physical thing is made of and can be classified by its properties.

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Property

A characteristic or feature of a substance or an object that can be observed or measured.

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Reactivity

The chemical property that describes how readily a substance undergoes a chemical reaction with other substances.

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Physical Change

A change that alters the form of a substance but does not change its basic chemical identity.

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Chemical Change

A change where a substance is transformed into a new substance with different chemical properties.

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Reactant

A substance that is present at the start of and participates in a chemical reaction.

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Key Vocabulary

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Precipitate

A solid substance that forms from a solution and settles out during a chemical reaction.

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Flammability

The ability of a substance to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion, a key chemical property.

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Physical vs. Chemical Properties

Physical Properties

  • These are traits you can observe or measure without changing what the substance is.

  • You can see properties like color, size, and shape with your own senses.

  • Others like melting point and boiling point can be measured with scientific tools.

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Chemical Properties

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  • These describe how a substance changes into a new substance during a chemical reaction.

  • Examples include flammability, which is the ability of a substance to catch fire.

  • Another example is oxidation, which is how a substance reacts with oxygen, like rusting.

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Multiple Choice

Which statement defines a physical property?

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A trait that can be observed or measured without changing what the substance is.

2

A trait that describes how a substance changes into a new one.

3

A trait that involves a substance reacting with fire or oxygen.

4

A trait that can only be measured with scientific tools.

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Multiple Choice

What is the key difference between physical and chemical properties?

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Physical properties are measured with tools, while chemical properties are observed with senses.

2

Observing a physical property does not change the substance, while observing a chemical property does.

3

Physical properties include color and shape, while chemical properties include flammability and rusting.

4

Physical properties describe a substance's appearance, while chemical properties describe its reactions.

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Multiple Choice

When an iron nail rusts, it demonstrates a specific property. Which of the following best explains what type of property is being shown and why?

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A physical property, because the nail only changed its color and texture.

2

A chemical property, because the ability to react with oxygen (rust) changes iron into a new substance.

3

A physical property, because the shape and size of the nail remained the same.

4

A chemical property, because the nail demonstrated its ability to catch fire.

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Physical vs. Chemical Changes

Physical Change

  • ​The appearance or form of a substance changes, but its chemical composition remains the same.

  • ​​No new substance is created, and the original substance can often be recovered.

  • ​For example, when ice melts into water, it is still chemically H2O.

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Chemical Change

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  • ​A chemical change results in the formation of one or more entirely new substances.

  • ​​The new substances have different chemical properties from the original substance.

  • ​For example, burning wood turns it into new substances like ash and gases.

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Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

1

How long the change takes to happen.

2

Whether the change involves a solid or a liquid.

3

Whether or not a new substance is formed.

4

How much energy is used during the change.

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Multiple Choice

When a chemical change occurs, what is true about the result?

1

The original substance can be easily recovered.

2

The new substances have different chemical properties than the original substance.

3

The change only alters the appearance of the substance.

4

The change happens very quickly.

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Multiple Choice

If you dissolve salt in water, what kind of change has happened and why?

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A physical change, because the salt could be recovered by evaporating the water.

2

A chemical change, because the salt dissolved and disappeared.

3

A physical change, because the water changed color.

4

A chemical change, because a new liquid was formed.

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Signs of a Chemical Reaction

  • A new substance is formed during a chemical reaction.

  • Observable signs include fizzing, light, or a color change.

  • A solid forming or a temperature change are also clues.

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Multiple Choice

What is the primary result of a chemical reaction?

1

A new substance is formed.

2

The original substance changes its shape.

3

The original substance dissolves completely.

4

The original substance becomes smaller.

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Multiple Choice

What is the significance of seeing fizzing or a change in color during a process?

1

They are the new substances that are formed.

2

They are the causes of all chemical reactions.

3

They are observable clues that a reaction may be happening.

4

They are proof that the reaction has ended.

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Multiple Choice

A student mixes two clear liquids in a beaker. The beaker feels warmer, and a white powder settles at the bottom. Which statement is the best conclusion?

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A chemical reaction likely occurred, because a solid formed and the temperature changed.

2

Only a physical change occurred, because the two substances mixed together.

3

No reaction happened, because there was no fizzing or light produced.

4

The new substance that formed was heat.

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Common Misconceptions

Misconception

Correction

Any change in appearance is a chemical change.

Changes in appearance, like melting ice, can also be physical changes.

Dissolving a solid in a liquid is always a physical change.

Dissolving can be a chemical change, like an antacid tablet producing gas.

A chemical reaction must produce bubbles or a flame.

Reactions are also shown by changes in color or temperature.

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Summary

  • Matter has both physical and chemical properties that describe it.

  • A physical change alters a substance’s form but not its identity.

  • A chemical change creates a new substance with different properties.

  • Evidence of a chemical change includes a color or temperature change.

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Poll

On a scale of 1-4, how confident are you about the concepts covered in today's review?

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Physical and Chemical Properties

Middle School

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