History 1.2 - Southwest Native American Indians

​History Chapter 1.2:
The SW Indian Tribes

By Mr. Rowe

The Pueblo Indians

• Puebloans are Native American peoples from the desert Southwest—especially northeastern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico

• They built multi-storied adobe villages (pueblos) using clay, stone, and wood; some are still lived in today

• Pueblo people are descendants of the ancient Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi) cultures

• They farmed crops like corn, beans, squash, sunflowers, and also hunted and gathered local foods

• In 1680, Pueblo people achieved a rare victory against Spanish rule in the Pueblo Revolt—a successful Native uprising

Multiple Choice

Which areas did the Pueblo Indians live in?

• Southwestern United States (New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, Utah)
• Northeastern United States (New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts)

The Navajo Indians

• The Navajo call themselves Diné, meaning “the People”; the name “Navajo” came from Spanish explorers

• They traditionally lived in hogans—log-and-mud homes with doors facing east to greet the sun

• Navajo society is matrilineal: families trace descent through mothers, and property passes through the mother's side

• Their rich oral traditions include stories like creation legends called Diné Bahaneʼ, and tales like The First Man and First Woman

• In the mid-1800s, many Navajo were forced to march to Bosque Redondo in an event called the Long Walk, where thousands suffered and died

Multiple Choice

Which Native American tribe died because of the "Long Walk?"

• Cherokee
• Navajo

The Apache Indians

• The Apache originally lived in areas like Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma; they were hunters, gatherers, and some farmed

• Depending on the tribe and region, their homes included wickiups (brush-frame shelters), tipis, and sometimes hogans in desert areas

• Apache clothing often used animal hides and featured beadwork decorations like buckskin shirts and moccasins

Multiple Choice

What are Wickiups?

• Wickiups are permanent stone houses used by Native Americans.
• Wickiups are temporary Native American dwellings made of wooden poles and natural materials.
• Wickiups are large communal longhouses made of brick.
• Wickiups are modern-day cabins built in the woods.