Chapter 41: Animal Nutrition

Chapter 41: Animal Nutrition

By Kyla Cymone

Chapter 4.1: Animal Diet

Categorize

Options (6)

Gorillas, cows, hares, and many snails

sharks, hawks, spiders, and snakes

Eats plants & algae

Eats other animals

cockroaches, bears, raccoons, and humans

Eats plants, animals, & algae

Organize these options into the right categories.

Herbivores

Carnivores

Omnivores

Multiple Choice

True of False: The terms herbivore, carnivore, and omnivore represent the kinds of food that an animal usually eats, but most animals are opportunistic, occasionally eating foods that are outside their main dietary category.

• True

• False

Categorize

Options (11)

Most animals require only 8 of these

Deficiency in this can cause protein deficiency

Causes the most common type of malnutrition

Animals cannot synthesize unsaturated versions of this

Organic molecules required in small quantities

Only 13 are essential to humans

Can be grouped in water or fat soluble

Over consumption of some can be deposited in body fat

Inorganic molecules required in small amounts

Examples are calcium & phosphorous that humans require for bone maintenance & growth

Examples include B, A, D, E, K

Materials that an animal’s cells require but cannot synthesize are called essential nutrients. Sort the features of each category of essential nutrients.

Amino Acids

Fatty Acids

Vitamins

Minerals

Multiple Select

Which of the following are considered fat soluble vitamins?

• A

• D

• C

• K

• B

Match

Match the following vitamins to their functions.

• several compounds that function as coenzymes in key metabolic processes.

• required for the production of connective tissue.

• aids in calcium absorption and bone formation

• seems to protect membrane phospholipids from oxidation.

• required for blood clotting

B

C

D

E

K

• B

• C

• D

• E

• K

Multiple Choice

True or False: Fat soluble vitamins that are consumed in excess are secreted in waste.

• True

• False

Categorize

Options (12)

Bone deformities in children & bone softening in adults

Rickets

Aids in absorption and use of

calcium and phosphorus

Dairy products, egg yolk

Dark green and orange vegetables

and fruits, dairy products

Blindness, skin disorders, & impaired immunity

Vegetable oils, nuts, seeds

Antioxidant; helps prevent damage

to cell membranes

Nervous system degeneration

Green vegetables, tea; also made

by colon bacteria

Important in blood clotting

Defective blood clotting

Organize these options into the right categories regarding fat soluble vitamins.

K

E

D

A

Match

Match the importance of each mineral to their function.

• necessary for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles

• component of the cytochromes that function in cellular respiration and of hemoglobin, the oxygen-binding protein of red blood cells

• present in enzymes that split ATP

• required for thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolic rate

• component of the cytochromes that function in cellular respiration

Calcium

Iron

Magnesium

Iodine

Phosphorus

• Calcium

• Iron

• Magnesium

• Iodine

• Phosphorus

Fill in the Blank

When an animal is undernourished, it uses up stored fat and carbohydrates, and the body begins breaking down what for fuel?

Multiple Choice

The study of human health and disease at the population level is known as?

• Epidemiology

• Immunology

• Phenology

• Human Anatomy & Physiology

• All of the above

Chapter 4.2: Food Processing

Match

Match the following food processing stages to what occurs during it.

• act of eating

• process of breaking food down into molecules small enough for the body to absorb

• cells take up small molecules such as amino acids and simple sugars from the digestive compartment

• undigested material passes out of the digestive compartment

Ingestion

Digestion

Absorption

elimination

• Ingestion

• Digestion

• Absorption

• elimination

Match

Match the following macromolecules to what they get broken down into during digestion.

• Simple Sugar

• Glycerol & Fatty acids

• Amino Acids

• Nucleotides

Polysaccharides and disaccharides

Fats

Proteins

Nucleic Acids

• Polysaccharides and disaccharides

• Fats

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

Multiple Select

Which of the following are examples of mechanical digestion?

• Chewing

• Swallowing

• Peristalsis

• Segmentation

• Enzymes

Match

Match the following types of feeders to their diet.

• Sift small food particles from water

• Live in / on the food source

• Eat partially decayed organic material in soil

• Suck nutrient-rich fluids from a living host

• Eat relatively large pieces of food

Filter Feeders

Substrate Feeders

Deposit Feeders

Fluid Feeders

Bulk Feeders

• Filter Feeders

• Substrate Feeders

• Deposit Feeders

• Fluid Feeders

• Bulk Feeders

Match

Match the following types of feeders to their diet.

• Whales

• Larvae

• Worm

• Mosquitos

• Birds

Filter Feeders

Substrate Feeders

Deposit Feeders

Fluid Feeders

Bulk Feeders

• Filter Feeders

• Substrate Feeders

• Deposit Feeders

• Fluid Feeders

• Bulk Feeders

Multiple Select

Which of the following are examples of intracellular digestion?

• Food phagocytosedand fused with lysosome

• Digestive sacs with single opening

• Uni-directional movement of food