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Title: Grade 9 Science – Atomic Math & Matter Basics

Question	Option A	Option B	Option C	Option D	Correct Answer	Explanation
According to Particle Theory, what happens to particles when heated?	They stop moving	They move faster	They shrink	They disappear	They move faster	Heating adds energy, so particles vibrate and move faster.
A substance made of one type of particle is called:	Mixture	Pure substance	Solution	Alloy	Pure substance	A pure substance contains only one type of particle (element or compound).
Which of the following is a mechanical mixture?	Salt water	Granite	Bronze	Oxygen gas	Granite	Granite is heterogeneous; you can see different parts.
Alloys are best described as:	Pure substances	Solutions of metals	Compounds	Mechanical mixtures	Solutions of metals	Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of metals, e.g., steel, bronze.
Which is a qualitative property?	Density	Colour	Mass	Melting point	Colour	Qualitative = descriptive, not numerical.
Which is a quantitative property?	Blue colour	Density	Smell	Texture	Density	Quantitative = measured with numbers.
Viscosity measures:	Resistance of a liquid to flow	Density of solids	Conductivity	Melting point	Resistance of a liquid to flow	Honey has high viscosity; water has low.
Which is a physical property?	Flammability	Density	Reactivity with acid	Rusting tendency	Density	Physical properties can be observed without changing the substance.
Rusting is a:	Physical change	Chemical change	–	–	Chemical change	Rusting creates a new substance (iron oxide).
Which is a clue of chemical change?	Ice melting	Salt dissolving	Gas bubbles forming	Cutting paper	Gas bubbles forming	Gas production indicates a new substance has formed.
What is a precipitate?	A gas in a reaction	A solid formed when 2 liquids react	An alloy	A solution	A solid formed when 2 liquids react	Precipitates are insoluble solids formed in reactions.
A block has mass = 60 g, volume = 30 mL. What is its density?	1 g/mL	2 g/mL	30 g/mL	90 g/mL	2 g/mL	Density = mass ÷ volume = 60 ÷ 30 = 2 g/mL.
In a Bohr diagram, the first shell holds max:	8 electrons	2 electrons	4 electrons	10 electrons	2 electrons	The first shell can hold a maximum of 2 e⁻.
Sodium (Na, Z=11, A=23). Electrons in the 3rd shell?	0	1	2	8	1	Electron config: 2, 8, 1 → 1 electron in 3rd shell.
Oxygen (O, Z=8, A=16). Neutrons?	6	8	10	16	8	Neutrons = Mass – Atomic Number = 16 – 8 = 8.

By Nancy Gyan