Species interactions and obtaining energy notes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a predator and its prey?

• The predator and prey help each other survive.

• The predator hunts and kills the prey for food.

• The prey hunts the predator for food.

• The predator and prey avoid each other completely.

Fill in the Blank

Fill in the blanks: As prey numbers rise, predator numbers ___. As predator numbers rise, prey numbers ___. As prey numbers drop, predator numbers ___. As predator numbers drop, prey numbers ___.

,

,

,

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of a defensive adaptation that plants use to avoid herbivory?

• Thorns

• Toxins

• Bad taste

• Bright colors

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about symbiotic relationships is/are correct?

• At least one species benefits in a symbiotic relationship.

• Symbiosis only occurs between animals.

• There are three main types of symbiosis: mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.

• Symbiotic relationships always harm one of the species.

Multiple Choice

A bird builds its nest in a tree. The tree is unaffected. The bird gets a safe place to raise its young.

• YES

• NO

Fill in the Blank

A dog sleeps in a bed. Is this an example of symbiosis? Fill in the blank: No, because there is no ___ between the dog and the bed.

Multiple Choice

Two male deer compete over a female.

• YES

• NO

Fill in the Blank

A tapeworm gets ___ and ___ from living in a human's intestines.

,

Fill in the Blank

Fill in the blank: Symbiosis is a close and long-term biological interaction between ___ different biological organisms.

Multiple Select

Select all scenarios that do NOT represent symbiosis.

• A dog sleeps in a bed

• A tapeworm lives in the intestines of a human

• Two male deer compete over a female

• A lion hunts and kills an antelope

Multiple Select

Which of the following scenarios is an example of symbiosis?

• A dog sleeps in a bed

• A tapeworm lives in the intestines of a human

• Two male deer compete over a female

• A lion hunts and kills an antelope

• A bird build's its nest in a tree.

Fill in the Blank

Fill in the blank: In commensalism, one species benefits and the other is ___.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of symbiosis?

• A lion hunts and kills an antelope

• A human’s intestines are full of bacteria

• Clownfish & sea anemone

• Whale & barnacles

Multiple Choice

Which type of symbiotic relationship is shown between the deer and the tick?

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

• Predation

Open Ended

Compare and contrast mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism using the examples provided in the images.

Multiple Choice

The female braconid wasp lays her eggs on the tobacco hornworm larva. When the wasp larvae hatch, they burrow into the hornworm, feeding on its bodily fluids while strategically avoiding vital organs to keep the hornworm alive. Eventually, the wasp larvae emerge from the hornworm's body, undergo metamorphosis, and develop into adult wasps. The hornworm often dies because of this relationship. What type of symbiosis is it?

• Parasitism
• Competition
• Commensalism
• Mutualism

Multiple Choice

Say “ahhhh!” Plover birds are known for their habit of picking food scraps and parasites from the teeth and scales of crocodiles, often fearlessly entering the reptiles' mouths. The plover bird benefits by obtaining a source of food and protection from potential predators. In return, the crocodile benefits from improved oral hygiene, as the birds help remove food remnants and parasites from hard-to-reach places.

What type of symbiosis is it?

• Parasitism
• Competition
• Commensalism
• Mutualism

Fill in the Blank

Bromeliads obtain water and nutrients from ___, not directly from the tree.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the relationship between bromeliads and trees?

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

• Competition

Multiple Choice

Mistletoe birds are small birds that feed on the berries of mistletoe plants (grow parasitically on trees). After the birds eat the berries, they spread mistletoe seeds through their droppings onto the branches of host trees. These deposited seeds often germinate and produce new mistletoe plants. In return, mistletoe plants provide a reliable source of food for mistletoe birds, especially during the lean winter months when other food sources can be scarce. What type of symbiosis is it?

• Parasitism
• Competition
• Commensalism
• Mutualism

Multiple Choice

Tapeworms are ribbon-like flatworms that live in the digestive tracts of vertebrate hosts, such as humans and pigs. They attach themselves to the host's intestinal lining using sharp hooks, and they steal nutrients directly from the host's partially digested food. While tapeworms gain nourishment and protection within the host's body, the host often experiences malnutrition, digestive discomfort, and more severe health issues.

What type of symbiosis is it?

• Parasitism
• Competition
• Commensalism
• Mutualism

Multiple Choice

Weaver birds create intricate, woven nests in trees. They often choose the outer branches of trees, where the nests are suspended from the foliage and are safer from potential predators. The the tree typically faces no significant harm or direct benefits from the presence of the weaver bird.

What type of symbiosis is it?

• Parasitism
• Competition
• Commensalism
• Mutualism

Multiple Choice

According to the first law of thermodynamics, what is the principle it states?

• Energy cannot be created nor destroyed

• Energy can only be transferred as heat

• Entropy always increases in an isolated system

• Heat flows from a higher temperature to a lower temperature

Multiple Choice

Photosynthesis is the

• conversion of carbon dioxide and water into sugars and oxygen by bacteria- with help of light

• conversion of methane gas and water into sugars and oxygen by plants - with help of light

• conversion of carbon dioxide and water into sugars and oxygen by plants - with little to no light

• conversion of carbon dioxide and water into sugars and oxygen by plants - with help of light

Multiple Choice

Chemosynthesis is the

• conversion of carbon into sugars and nutrients by bacteria in dark places. They use hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide and methane gas as a source of energy, relies on sunlight.

• conversion of carbon into sugars and nutrients by bacteria in dark places. They use hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide and methane gas as a source of energy, rather than sunlight.

• conversion of carbon into sugars and nutrients by bacteria in dark places. They use hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide and methane gas as a source of energy, with little to no sunlight.

• conversion of carbon into sugars and nutrients by bacteria in dark places. They use hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide and methane gas as a source of energy, with some sunlight.

Multiple Choice

________________ are consumers that eat ONLY PLANTS.

• Herbivores

• Carnivores

• Omnivores

• Producers

Multiple Choice

__________________ are consumers that eat ONLY MEAT (other animals)?

• Omnivores

• Carnivores

• Producers

• Herbivores

Multiple Choice

__________________ are consumers that eat BOTH Plants and Animals for food.

• Omnivores

• Producers

• Herbivores

• Carnivores

Multiple Choice

Which consumer group only has sharp teeth?

• Herbivores

• Carnivores

• Omnivores

Multiple Choice

Which consumer group only has flat, boxed teeth?

• Herbivores

• Carnivores

• Omnivores

Multiple Choice

Which consumer group has both flat, boxed teeth and sharp teeth?

• Omnivores

• Carnivores

• Herbivores

Multiple Choice

In the context of community ecology, what is the main difference between a predator and its prey?

• A predator is always larger than its prey.

• A predator hunts and kills another organism for food, while prey is the organism that is hunted.

• Prey always lives in groups, while predators are solitary.

• Predators only eat plants, while prey only eats animals.