The Cell -Anatomy Class

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a cell?

• The largest structure in the body

• A structure that cannot perform life functions

• The most basic structural and functional unit of life

• A structure only found in plants

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms?

• Tissue

• Organ

• Cell

• Organism

Open Ended

Explain how the activity of an organism is related to the activities of its cells.

Fill in the Blank

According to the principle of ___, the biochemical activities of cells are dictated by the relative number of their specific subcellular structures.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements are part of the cell theory?

• A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.

• The activity of an organism depends on both the individual and collective activities of its cells.

• Cells are only found in animals.

• Continuity of life has a cellular basis.

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of the plasma (cytoplasmic) membrane?

• To produce energy for the cell

• To serve as a barrier between intra- and extra-cellular environments

• To store genetic information

• To synthesize proteins

Open Ended

Describe how the plasma membrane helps maintain homeostasis within the cell.

Fill in the Blank

Microvilli are prominent in cells responsible for ___.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following cell modifications is primarily responsible for increasing the surface area for absorption?

• Microvilli

• Cilia

• Flagellum

• Cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the role of the cytoplasm in a cell?

• It contains protoplasmic material and suspends organelles.

• It increases the surface area for absorption.

• It provides mobility to the cell.

• It moves body fluids.

Multiple Select

Select all correct statements about organelles based on the slides.

• They are distinct structures found in the cytoplasm.

• They play specific roles in the life process of the cell.

• Their abundance is determined by the specific function of each cell.

• They are responsible for increasing the cell's surface area.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

• It is an extensive system of interconnected tubes and membranes that connects the cytoplasmic and nuclear membranes.

• It is responsible for energy production in the cell.

• It stores genetic information.

• It is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

• Metabolism and synthesis of lipids

• Synthesis of steroid-based hormones

• Detoxification of drugs and carcinogens

• Protein synthesis

Fill in the Blank

The storage and release of calcium ions in muscle cells is a function of the ___ reticulum.

Multiple Choice

What is the main distinguishing feature of the rough endoplasmic reticulum compared to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

• Presence of ribosomes on its surface

• Ability to store calcium ions

• Involvement in lipid metabolism

• Detoxification of drugs

Fill in the Blank

Ribosomes manufacture all ___ that are secreted from cells.

Open Ended

Explain how ribosomes contribute to protein synthesis and how their location in the cell can affect the type of protein produced.

Multiple Choice

Which organelle is known as the 'membrane factory' of the cell and why?

• Golgi apparatus because it modifies proteins

• rER because it manufactures proteins and phospholipids for membranes

• Mitochondria because it produces energy

• Lysosome because it digests waste

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of the Golgi apparatus?

• Modifies proteins and lipids

• Packages proteins and lipids

• Synthesizes ATP

• Directs cellular proteins

Fill in the Blank

The Golgi apparatus is especially numerous in cells that are active in ___

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of mitochondria in the cell?

• Protein synthesis

• Energy production through aerobic respiration

• Lipid storage

• Detoxification

Open Ended

Explain how mitochondria are able to reproduce themselves within the cell.

Open Ended

Reflecting on what you have learned about cells, why do you think it is important to understand that the cell is the smallest structure capable of carrying on all vital life functions?

Multiple Choice

What is the most basic structural and functional unit of life?

• Tissue

• Organ

• Cell

• Organism