CMS Grade 5 Unit 1 Science Review

​Unit 1: Matter

By Scott McBride

Physical changes only change the physical appearance of an object. They are predictable, do not create a new substance, and are usually reversible.

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​Physical Change

A change in state of matter is a PHYSICAL CHANGE. These changes do not make a new type of material. They are also reversible.

​​Phase Change

-Mixing or dissolving such as salt or sugar in water.
- Deforming such as cutting, breaking, smashing, grinding, shredding, etc.
- Expanding or Contracting due to temperature change

​​Other Physical Changes

Multiple Choice

What is a physical change?

• A physical change is a change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance.
• A physical change alters the chemical structure of a substance.
• A physical change involves a reaction that produces new substances.
• A physical change is a transformation that is never reversable

Multiple Choice

Which is NOT an example of a physical change?

• Rusting of iron
• Boiling of water
• Melting of ice
• Dissolving sugar in water

A chemical change will change or create a new substance. Chemical changes are not easily reversable nor predictable.

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Chemical Change

A reaction that results in a new material or a change to something else is a chemical reaction.

The most common new substances are gasses, rust, and even water.

New Substances

A reaction that creates fire or creates heat is a chemical reaction.

Reactions that create lots of heat very quickly are called an explosion.

Combustion (aka FIRE!)

A- A gas forms. You'll see bubbles or air pockets

B- Energy given off. You'll see light or flames. You'll feel heat (or it'll get cold!)

C- A new material shows up. This could be rust or even curdled milk.

D- An unexpected color change.

Chemical reactions can also cause an unexpected change in weight

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Evidence of a Chemical Change

Multiple Choice

What is a chemical change?

• A chemical change involves only physical alterations without new substances.
• A chemical change is when substances remain unchanged during a reaction.
• A chemical change is a reversible process that does not alter the substances.
• A chemical change is a process where substances form new substances.

Multiple Choice

What is an example of a chemical reaction?

• The evaporation of water boiling water into water vapor

• The mixing of salt and water to create a solution.
• The freezing of water into ice at low temperatures.
• The burning of wood to produce ash and smoke.

Categorize

Options (14)

Cutting a cake

Dissolving lemonade mix

Tearing a piece of paper

Melting down a bar of gold

Freezing a can of soda

Mixing Skittles and M&M's

Mixing oil and water

Rust forming on an old bike

A cake baking

Burning a candle

Milk spoiling

Fireworks exploding

Combining sodium and chloride to make salt

Plants using sunlight to make food

Identify the types of change

Physical Change

Chemical Change

Categorize

Options (9)

weight stays the same

weight changes

Mixing white and red makes pink

Mixing white and yellow makes black

temperature stays the same

Temperature increases

temperature decreases

No bubbles form

Bubbles form

Sort the evidence into their type of change

Physical Change

Chemical Change

Objects are sealed together. They can allow substances to interact, but there will be no weight change.

​​Closed System

When objects interact, gasses might be able to escape. You will see a change in weight.

​​Open System

Hotspot

Which of these investigations used a closed system?

Hotspot

Which of these investigations used an open system?

If only a physical change occurs, the total weight of all the materials can be found by adding them up.

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​Finding Weight in Physical Interactions

Fill in the Blanks

Ms. Bills is making sweet tea. Help her find the total weight of her sweet tea after combining her ingredients.

Fill in the Blanks

Ms. Perrett is making a candy salad. Help her find out how many grams of Skittles she added.

Fill in the Blanks

Ms. Pope is making a smoothie in her cup that weighs 7 grams. She adds 20 grams of strawberries and 8 grams of banana. Then she adds some milk. If her cup weighs 50 grams when she's done, how many grams of milk did she add?

When you add heat to something, the particles gain energy. When the particles gain energy, they begin to bounce around and spread out.
The heated object will expand.

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Adding Heat

When you remove heat from something, the particles lose energy. When the particles lose energy, they begin to slow down and cluster together. The object is cooled down.
The cooled object will contract.

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​Removing Heat

-Substance gets warmer
-Substance expands
-Particles gain energy
-Substance might melt or evaporate

-Air will expand when heated

​​Adding Heat

-Substance get cooler
-Substance contracts
-Particles lose energy
-Substance might condense or evaporate

-Air will contract when cooled

Removing Heat

Multiple Choice

Why did this balloon inflate?

• The air molecules were cooled and expanded

• The air molecules were heated and expanded

• The air molecules were cooled and expanded

• The air molecules were cooled and contracted

Multiple Choice

Expand means ...

• made larger or more extensive
• made smaller or less extensive
• kept the same size
• transformed into a different shape

Multiple Choice

Contract means ...

• made larger or more extensive
• made smaller or less extensive
• kept the same size
• transformed into a different shape

Categorize

Options (8)

Gets warmer

Gets cooler

Expands

Contracts

Gains energy

Loses energy

Particles bounce around Molecules move around more

Molecules move around less

Sort the qualities of objects after a heat transfer

Adding Heat

Removing Heat

Insulators are materials that do not allow heat to transfer easily.

Conductors are materials that allow heat to transfer easily.

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Insulators & Conductors

• Keep their temperature

• Protect people from heat

• Used to keep houses warm in winter and cool in summer

​​Insulators

​​Conductors

• Transfer heat quickly

• Used for cooking to heat food

Categorize

Options (19)

Metal

Water

Graphite

Copper

Aluminum

Silver

Gold

Iron

Rubber

Plastic

Wood

Air

Ceramic

Styrofoam

Cotton

Sort the materials into their categories.

Good Conductors

Good Insulators

-Good insulators have a smaller temperature change during an experiment.
-Cool objects will stay cool.
-Warm objects will stay warm.

How do I compare insulators?

Multiple Choice

According to this graph, which cooler is the best insulator?

Multiple Choice

According to this graph, which cooler is the worst insulator?

Homes are insulated to keep them warm in the winter and cool in the summer.

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Insulating Homes

70^o

85^o

hot summer sun

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​Well Insulated Poorly Insulated

103^o

Hotspot

In the winter, Ms. Capel sets the heat in both of her houses to 65 degrees. Which of her two houses is better insulated?