Slides: Progressive Era (pt 2)

Multiple Choice

What was the main focus of the Progressive Era?

• Social reform

• Economic growth

• Political stability

• Cultural preservation

Multiple Choice

What was the significance of Teddy Roosevelt's Square Deal in relation to the federal government's role in regulating big business?

• It limited the power of the federal government

• It expanded the federal government's role

• It had no impact on big business

• It was only focused on small businesses

Multiple Choice

Why was the Sherman Antitrust Act ineffective in corralling the monopolies, thus requiring new legislation at a later date?

• The Act was successful in curbing monopolies, leading to a stable market environment.
• The legislation was too strict, causing businesses to collapse and requiring repeal.
• The Sherman Antitrust Act was ineffective due to vague definitions and weak enforcement, necessitating new legislation.
• The Sherman Antitrust Act effectively regulated monopolies and eliminated the need for further laws.

Multiple Choice

What did President Roosevelt threaten to do if management and labor couldn't reach an agreement during the Pennsylvania Coal Strike?

• Impose fines on both management and labor.
• Negotiate a new labor contract with the state.
• Seize the coal mines and operate them with federal troops.

• Close the mines until a resolution is found.

Multiple Choice

President Teddy Roosevelt received the nickname:

• Teddy Bear

• Slammin' Teddy

• Monopoly Tiger

• Trust Buster

Multiple Choice

By 1900, what percentage of the economy was comprised of trusts and monopolies?

• 25%

• 45%

• 80%

• 95%

Multiple Choice

What was the main goal of the workers during the Pennsylvania Coal Strike of 1902?

• 20% wage increase

• 9 hour work day

• Form a union

• All of the above

Multiple Select

How did the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) regulate railroads in the United States?

• It barred the owners from colluding to fix rates (eliminating competition)

• It set maximum rates for shipping and travel

• It enabled the federal government to take over control of the railroads

• It turned out to be ineffective in regulating railroads in the US

Multiple Choice

What principle did Roosevelt's actions during the Pennsylvania Coal Strike of 1902 demonstrate?

• If a strike threatens public welfare, the federal government has a right to intervene

• Labor rights and child protections were of primary importance

• Both railroad construction and regulation were limited

• That President Roosevelt usually took the side of owners over the workers

Multiple Choice

Much of the drive to regulate the meat-packing industry and consumer products was linked to the publication of:

• Upton Sinclair's 'The Jungle'
• George Orwell's '1984'
• Ray Bradbury's 'Fahrenheit 451'
• John Steinbeck's 'The Grapes of Wrath'

Multiple Select

What were 3 main provisions of the Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) that aimed to regulate food and medicines?

• Required labels on products

• Prohibited manufacturers from making wild claims

• Banned harmful preservatives in food

• Established the Federal Trade Commission

Multiple Choice

The Pure Food and Drug Act led to the establishment of the:

• Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

• Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)

• Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

• Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Multiple Select

What significant actions did Roosevelt take regarding natural resources in the US?

• He set aside 148 million acres of forest for preservation

• He built more than 50 wildlife sanctuaries

• He appointed John Muir as head of the US Forest Service

• He enacted federal water and irrigation projects

Multiple Choice

What was the purpose of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914?

• To strengthen the Sherman Antitrust Act

• To promote monopolistic practices

• To eliminate labor unions

• To regulate private businesses

Multiple Select

For what reason did Progressives push for a federal income tax?

• To compensate for lost revenue as a result of lowering tariffs

• To weaken the power of the tycoons

• To fund the establishment of federal agencies that regulated the economy

• To hurt local, family-owed businesses and

Multiple Choice

Why did Progressives want to keep tariffs low?

• To lower the cost on consumer goods imported into the US

• To increase tax revenue and expand the federal government

• To protect American industry from foreign competition

• To raise inflation on goods made in the US so consumers purchased foreign items

Multiple Choice

What does the 16th Amendment establish?

• A flat tax rate

• A graduated federal income tax

• A sales tax

• An estate tax

Multiple Choice

What does a graduated federal income tax entail:

• When one graduates high school they have to pay taxes

• The less money one makes the more they pay

• The more money one makes the more they pay

• Money is redistributed from the poor to the rich

Multiple Choice

Why would the Federal Reserve seek to lower interest rates?

• To stimulate economic growth and encourage borrowing and spending.

• To control government spending and raise taxes.

• To stabilize the stock market and limit investments.

• To increase inflation and reduce savings.

Multiple Choice

Which tycoon played a major role in the establishment of the Federal Reserve system?

• Andrew Carnegie

• J.P. Morgan
• John D. Rockefeller

• Cornelius Vanderbilt

Multiple Select

How does the Federal Reserve stabilize the economy?

• Provide cash to banks if they run out

• Lower interest rates to discourage investment in businesses

• Raise interest rates to slow inflation

• Inject cash into the hands of consumers in economic emergencies

Multiple Choice

Why did the size of the federal government expand during the Progressive Era?

• The federal government expanded to address social and economic issues through regulation and reform.
• The federal government focused on international trade agreements and tariffs.
• The federal government expanded to increase military spending and defense.
• The federal government reduced its size to promote individual freedoms.

Multiple Choice

This excerpt is from a civil-service law passed by the U.S. Congress in the 1880s.

Examinations shall be practical in their character, and . . . shall relate to those matters which will fairly test the relative capacity and fitness of the persons examined to discharge the duties of the service into which they seek to be appointed.

—Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883

Based on the excerpt and your knowledge of U.S. history, why did lawmakers believe that this type of reform was needed?

• To address reluctance among citizens to join the military

• To address the fact that many diplomats refused to perform their assigned tasks

• To address concerns about the job skills of recent university graduates

• To address the practice of elected officials awarding jobs to their political allies

Multiple Choice

Direct election of SENATORS by voters (rather than having them chosen by state legislatures):

• 16th amendment

• 17th amendment

• 18th amendment

• 19th amendment

Multiple Choice

What was the main goal of the 18th Amendment?

• To promote alcohol consumption

• To ban alcohol

• To regulate alcohol sales

• To tax alcohol

Multiple Choice

Created a graduated income TAX

• 16th amendment

• 17th amendment

• 18th amendment

• 19th amendment

Multiple Choice

granted WOMEN'S suffrage (right to vote)

• 16th amendment

• 17th amendment

• 18th amendment

• 19th amendment

Multiple Choice

This diagram shows working conditions during the Second Industrial Revolution.

During the early twentieth century, which action was taken to address the issues shown in this diagram?

• Labor reformers secured better working conditions

  through legislation.

• Businesses hired fewer immigrants as laborers.

• Corporations sought greater federal industrial regulations.

• Businesses created monopolies to increase competition

  among industries.

Multiple Select

What issues related to business practices are highlighted in the image?

• Railroads gave better shipping rates to larger businesses

• False advertising and dishonest labeling

• Formation of monopolies

• Lack of consumer protections