Unit 3 Review

​Unit 3 Review

By Cora Shields

1 Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

• theory created by Abraham Maslow

• humans are more inspired & motivedated to satisfy their needs in a hierarchial order - physiological, safety & security, love & belonging, self-esteem, & self-actualization

• Self Actualization: state of fulfilling one's human potential

1 Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

• 5 Basic Needs for Childhood Development: nutrition, security, stability, structure, & emotional support

• Fight or Flight: bodily reaction to a stressful or frightening situation

2 Reporting Requirements

• Child Abuse: intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly doing something that harms a child

• Child Neglect: treatment or action that threatens a child’s health or welfare

• Signs of Abuse & Neglect: stealing food, withdrawal, poor relationships, runaway behavior, constant fatigue

2 Reporting Requirements

• Mandated Reporter: legally required to report suspected child abuse if they have reasonable cause to suspect that a child is the victim of abuse

  • Call Local Protection Services to report suspected abuse

• Strategies to Communicate with Children: active listening, emphathizing, body language, and building rapport

3 Phsyical Safety

• improves focus & concentration

• less anxiety & stress

• improved academic performance

• children feel valued

3 Phsyical Safety

• Best Practices: organization, keeping cleaning supplies & sharp objects out of reach, routines, rules, emergency procedures, & addressing concerning behaviors

• Unsafe Learning Environments include unsafe beahvior, accidental or intentional injuries, & lack of structure

• trauma: experience of an event by a childthat is emotionally painful or distressful

• Common Causes of Childhood Trauma: separation from parents, accidents, witnessing violence, bullying, physical abuse or neglent, exposure to death, emotional abuse or neglect

​4 Trauma-Informed Care

4 Trauma-Informed Care

• Signs of Trauma: crying & screaming, fear & anxiety, frequent bed-wetting, recreating a traumatic experience, clinging to trusted adults, angry outbursts

• Best Practices: provide stability, support & encouragement, teach about unsafe touch, set clear limits, give choices, keeping children informed, & create a safe space

5 Emotional Safety

• Emotional Security Theory

  • understanding interparental conflict and child development

  • exposure to a high level of conflict, violence, and emotional abuse can increase children’s risk for many psychological problems, including depression, anxiety, aggression, behavior problems, poor peer relations, and academic difficulties

6 Emotionally Safe Environment

• Social & Emotional Learning (SEL) utilizes educational methods that foster social and emotional development.

  • help children at a young age understand and manage their emotions, feel and show empathy for others, and establish healthy relationships

6 Emotionally Safe Environment

• self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, & responsible decision making

• benefits include problem-solving, peer relationship building, academic performance improvement, regulated emotions for improved behavior

7 Safety Rules & Regulations

• develop and teach rules explicitly by modeling or demonstrating them

• rules should be short, clear, and positive

• environment includes low, open shelving, labeled shelves, clearly defined center areas, safety rules, appropriate child-to-adult ratio, & a variety of materials to keep children engage

8 Emergency Planning

• respond in a quick & effective manner to ensure safety of children

• human-induced emergencies: technology failures, terrorism or violence, and missing children

• nature-induced emergencies: tornadoes and blizzards, epidemics, and illness or injury

• emergency plan: document containing policies, procedures, & action steps to ensure staff knows what to do in case of an emergency