2.2.7 & 2.2.9

​School Challenges & Making the Grade

Nihongo Ichi 11/14/25

Drag and Drop

"I don't understand math at all" ​

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ga​

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​

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Suugaku

zenzen

wakarimasen

Eigo

shimasen

​​文法（ぶんぽう）
bunpou

"grammar"

​​問題（もんだい）
mondai

"problem"

​​質問（しつもん）
shitsumon

"question"

Drag and Drop

"Japanese grammar is difficult."

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no​

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ga​

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desu.

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Nihongo

bunpou

muzukashii

Eigo

yasashii

mondai

​​小テスト（しょうてすと）・クイズ（くいず）
shou tesuto ・kuizu
"quiz"

​​試験（しけん）・テスト（てすと）
shiken・
tesuto

"test"

​​困っています（こまっています）
komatte imasu

"troubled/frustrated"

Drag and Drop

"I don't understand this question at all. I have a quiz tomorrow. Right now I'm frustrated!"

Kono

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ga​

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wakarimasen. ​ Ashita​

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ga​

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. Ima​

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shitsumon

zenzen

shou tesuto

arimasu

komatte imasu

Our first ko-so-a

​To say "this (noun)," we add a prenoun "kono"

Kono pen wa ii desu.

Kono shukudai wa yasashiku nai desu.

Kono shitsumon ga zenzen wakarimasen.

WE CANNOT USE THIS BY ITSELF "kono wa suki ja nai desu" X

Past Tense "ta"

​Dou shita n desu ka? "What's wrong?" (lit. how did it go (that caused you to be upset))

We are going to start learning how to conjugate in past tense, both PLAIN (dictionary) form and -MASU (formal).

Verb Breakdown

​The -masu form we have studied is actually a conjugation of the dictionary verbs

Taberu --> tabe (root) --> tabemasu (RU verb)
Nomu --> nomi (stem) --> nomimasu (U verb)

Past Tense Ru verbs (vowel ending)

​Drop -ru, add -ta

Taberu --> tabe --> tabeta (to eat)
Miru --> mi --> mita (to watch)
Oshieru --> oshie --> oshieta (to teach)

U Verbs are trickier...

​Due to how pronunciation works, U verbs (consonant-ending) have a different ending depending on the root's ending character

​Ta form SONG!



Minasan, minasaaan

た form o oboemashou!

​





-u　う
-tsu　つ
-ru 　る

= tta　った

​





-bu　ぶ
-mu　む
-nu 　ぬ

= nda　んだ

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-ku　く = ita いた
-gu　ぐ = ida いだ
-su 　す = shita した

Recommendations

​(past tense dictionary verb) + hou ga ii desu

"it would be good to (verb)"

tabeta hou ga ii desu

motto benkyou shita hou ga ii desu