EOC Domain 4: Evolution

​EOC Domain 4: Evolution

By Derek Hathaway

Multiple Choice

What is one of the main mechanisms of evolution?

• An organism is born with a genotypic mutation that provides an advantage for survival

• An organism acquires a phenotypic trait during its lifetime, then it passes this trait on

• An organism decides to develop an adaptation that would provide an advantage in its environment

Multiple Choice

What condition must be true for natural selection to cause a population to change over generations?

• Uniform traits among individuals that enhance survival.
• Lack of competition for resources in the environment.
• Constant environmental conditions over generations.
• Variation in traits among individuals that affects fitness.

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between a gene pool and gene flow?

• The gene pool is the movement of genes, while gene flow is the total genetic diversity.
• Gene flow refers to the genetic traits within a single population, while the gene pool is about multiple populations.
• The gene pool is the total genetic diversity in a population, while gene flow is the movement of genes between populations.
• The gene pool is the exchange of genetic material, whereas gene flow is the genetic makeup of a species.

Multiple Choice

What is the connection between reproductive isolation and speciation?

• Reproductive isolation drives speciation by preventing gene flow between populations.

• Speciation occurs without any form of reproductive barriers.
• Reproductive isolation enhances gene flow between species.
• Reproductive isolation is irrelevant to the process of speciation.

Multiple Choice

Which pattern of natural selection favors the extreme phenotypes in a population, and is therefore more likely to lead to speciation?

• Stabilizing selection
• Sexual selection
• Disruptive selection
• Directional selection

Multiple Choice

What do we call the kind of evolution that occurs when organisms evolve to have similar phenotypes due to environmental pressure, rather than from being closely related?

• Convergent Evolution

• Divergent Evolution

• Coevolution

Multiple Choice

What do we call the random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations?

• genetic variation
• genetic drift
• natural selection

• allele fixation

Multiple Choice

What causes biological resistance? For example, what allows bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics?

• Bacteria become resistant due to environmental toxins and nutrient scarcity.
• Resistance is caused by viral infections and host immune responses.
• Bacteria develop resistance through exposure to high temperatures and radiation.
• Bacteria become resistant to antibiotics due to genetic mutations and selective pressure.

Multiple Choice

What are the major evidences for evolution?

• Meteorological patterns, geological formations, and climate changes.
• Fossil records, comparative anatomy, genetic similarities, and observed natural selection.
• Cultural adaptations, technological advancements, and historical events.
• Species distribution, ecological interactions, and behavioral traits.