Semester 1 Review

Unit 1: Kinematics in
One Dimension and
Graphing Motion

Speed, Distance, and Time

uThe Speed of an object is defined as

the distance traveled over some
time.

uDistance refers to the total distance

traveled by an object regardless of
direction.

uTime has no direction.

Speed Triangle

u You should be familiar with calculating the speed of an object.

u Does this look familiar?

S

T

D

Math Response

There is 430 kilometers from here to San Antonio. It takes about 4.5 hours to drive there. What speed
would you need to drive? Answer in km/hr with 2 decimal places. Round your answer to the nearest hundredth

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 95.56

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

If you are driving on the highway going 105 kph, how far would you travel in 30 minutes? Answer in km/hr.

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 52.5

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

How far can you travel if you run at 3 m/s for 5 minutes? Answer in meters.

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 900

Deg^°

Rad

Vectors and
Scalars

Vector vs. Scalar

u What is a Scalar?

uA Quantity with only a magnitude/number

uNo direction (North, South, East, West, Up,

Down, Left, Right, Forward, Backward, etc)

u What is a Vector

uA Quantity with a Magnitude AND a Direction

uA Vector is represented by bold faced type

(v, a) or an arrow above the variable ( v, a )

Dropdown

Is time a Vector or a Scalar? ​

Select answer

Is Velocity a Vector or a Scalar? ​

Select answer

Is Distance a Vector or a Scalar? ​

Select answer

Is Speed a Vector or a Scalar? ​

Select answer

Is Acceleration a Vector or a Scalar? ​ ​

Select answer

Vectors are Arrows

uGraphically, we use Arrows to

show Vectors!!!

uThe Bigger the Arrow, the Bigger

the Vector!

Adding Vectors Graphically

uWe can add vectors together

graphically using the Tip-to-Tail
Method.

uThis means we are putting the “Tail”

of one Vector at the “Tip” of another.

Displacement for both path a and b
are the same. This is because the
vectors can be added in any order.

Tip-to-Tail Method

A

B

Draw

Draw the resultant vector from the previous slide when you add A and B.

Adding Vectors Mathematically

uWe can add vectors together using a

neat property from a famous Greek
philosopher and mathematician.

uPythagoras gave us what Theorem?

uResultant is the vector that represents

the sum of two or more vectors.

Adding Vectors Mathematically

uVectors can be added in any order

because the displacement will
remain that same.

uAddition and Multiplication are

commutative

u2+3 = 5

u3+2 = 5

Math Response

What is the magnitude of the resultant vector?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 5

Deg^°

Rad

Subtracting Vectors

uSubtraction is NOT commutative!

uOrder matters when Subtracting

Vectors.

uBut it works just like how you think it

does.

uThe negative sign just affects the

direction of the vector.

Math Response

What is the magnitude of the resultant vector?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 1

Deg^°

Rad

Open Ended

What is the direction of the resultant vector?

Using Trig

uSometimes we need to use Trigonometric

functions to find the direction

uWe can use Soh Cah Toa to remember

the functions and what to use them with.

uWhat do they mean?

uSoh – sin θ = opp./hyp.

uCah – cos θ = adj./hyp.

uToa – tan θ = opp./adj.

Math Response

What is the magnitude of the resultant vector?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 4.12

Deg^°

Rad

Open Ended

What is the direction of the resultant vector?

Components

uWe can also use our Trig Functions to

break a vector into pieces.

uRemember Soh Cah Toa?

uWe have to rearrange some things, but to

get each component of a vector, we just
need to use sin and cos.

Components

Ø ℎ ∗ sin 𝜃 = 𝑎

Ø ℎ ∗ cos 𝜃 = 𝑏

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

h

θ

Math Response

What is the Y component Vector?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 5.74

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

What is the X component Vector?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 8.19

Deg^°

Rad

Poll

Is the Sun orbiting the Earth or is the Earth orbiting the Sun

• Sun orbiting the Earth

• Earth orbiting the Sun

• I don't believe in the Sun

Open Ended

Based on the answer for the poll, why did you select your answer? Use complete sentences and evidence to backup your claim.

Reference Frames

uA Reference Frame refers to where

the motion is observed.

uThis is why the Sun appears to orbit us

instead of the other way around.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Velocity & Displacement

uDisplacement is a vector quantity

which refers to an objects total
change in position

uVelocity is a vector quantity that

means the total displacement over
time.

Velocity Triangle

u Calculating the velocity of an object is not too different from the

speed.

u So what is the difference?

V

T

D

Open Ended

What is the difference between Speed and Velocity?

Acceleration

uAcceleration is a vector quantity

which refers to the change in velocity
over time.

Multiple Select

What are the ways Velocity can change? Select all that apply.

• Speed up

• Slow Down

• Change Direction

• None of these.

Acceleration Equations

u Calculating the acceleration of an object is not too different from

the speed or velocity.

u So what is the difference?

V

A

T

Time Graphs

uTime graphs are a way to graphically

represent motion with respect to time.

uWe compare different quantities like

Position, Velocity, and Acceleration
to Time.

Position vs. Time

uPosition vs. Time graphs (PT graphs)

show how the position of an object
changes over time. The slope shows
the velocity of the object.

Velocity vs. Time

uVelocity vs. Time graphs (VT

graphs) show how the velocity of
an object changes over time. The
slope shows the acceleration of
the object.

Acceleration vs. Time

uAcceleration vs. Time graphs

(AT graphs) show how the
acceleration of an object
changes over time.

Draw

A student at a track meet is accelerating off the starting blocks at a rate of 1 meter
per second per second. Sketch the PT, VT, and AT graphs

Draw

A horse is trotting around the pasture at a constant
rate of 5 meters per second. Sketch the PT, VT, and AT graphs

Kinematic
Equations

Kinematics

uKine-Movement

uMatic-”Action” or “to preform”

uStudy of movement of a body

disregarding what caused the
motion

Variables

ud = Distance/Displacement

ut = Time

ua = Acceleration

uVo = Vi = Initial Velocity

uVf = Final Velocity

Kinematic Equations

Math Response

If a car’s initial velocity is +25 m/s, and it accelerated at a rate of +7.5 m/s2 over a period of 8.0 s, what is the car’s final velocity?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 85

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

If a kicker punts a ball at a velocity of +45 m/s and it is  aided by a gust of wind to accelerate at +2.5 m/s2, how far will the ball travel if it stays in the air for 3.5 seconds?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 172.81

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

A girl is riding her bike down a hill. She has an initial velocity of +12 m/s. After 12 seconds, her final velocity is 18 m/s. How far does she travel?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 180

Deg^°

Rad

Vertical Direction

uLet’s make this a little easier. Everything

we’ve done has been horizontal (side-to-
side), right?

uNow, lets go in the vertical direction (up-

and-down).

uOne of our variables changes to make this

really easy.

Acceleration due to Gravity

u9.8 m/s2

uThis is known as “g” in physics, or the

acceleration due to gravity.

uWe can replace “a” in our kinematic

equations with “g” if we are moving
vertically.

Kinematic Equations in the Vertical Direction

Math Response

A tennis ball is dropped from a great height above the ground. It took 3 seconds to hit the ground. How fast was the ball traveling right before it hit the ground?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 29.4

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

A Skydiver jumped out of an airplane. How far would they have fallen after 15 seconds?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 1103.63

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

A ball is kicked straight up in the air. The ball travelled for 6 seconds where the ball stopped briefly. What was the Initial Velocity?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 58.86

Deg^°

Rad

Unit 2: Newton’s
Laws of Motion and Forces

Laws of Motion

■ formulated by Issac Newton in the late 17th century

■ written as a way to relate force and motion

■ Newton used them todescribe his observations of planetary motion.

History

■ Aristotle was an ancient Greek

philosopher

■ Based on his observations the common belief was that in order for an object to
continue moving, a force must be
exerted in the direction of the motion

■ This lasted until Galileo proposed the idea

of inertia.

■ Then Issac Newton proposed his “Laws of

Motion” based on observations made of
bodies free from earth’s atmosphere.

What is Force?

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

Fill in the Blank

In order to understand Force, we need to know what Mass is. Mass is the amount of (blank) in an object.

Mass is…

■ The amount of matter in an

object.

■ Measured in kilograms.

■ NOT a force.

■ The same at any location,

even on another planet.
Not influenced by gravity.

Mass is…

uWe can think of Mass as

a measure of inertia.

uThe more Mass

something has, the more
inertia it has.

A Force is…

■ Measured in Newtons (N) in the

metric (SI) system and pounds
(lbs) in the English system

■ A vector quantity requiring

magnitude and direction to
describe it

■ Represented by drawing

arrows on a diagram

Types of Forces

(that we will study now – there are many

more)

■ Weight - force of gravity

■ Friction - resistance force that opposes

motion

■ Applied force - force you exert, push or

pull

■ Net force – total vector sum of all forces

■ Balanced forces – equal and opposite

forces

■ Unbalanced forces – not equal and

opposite

Newton’s 1st Law

(Law of Inertia)

An object at rest will stay at rest,
and an object in motion will stay in
motion at a constant velocity unless
acted on by an unbalanced or net
force.

This statement contradicted Aristotle’s teaching but
supported Galileo’s idea of inertia. Newton proposed that
there was an unrecognized force of resistance between
objects that was causing them to stop in the absence of an
applied force to keep them moving. This new unseen
resistance force became known as “friction”.

Free-body diagrams

Free-body diagrams are

pictures that show the
size and direction of all
forces acting on an
object.

Steps to drawing a free body

diagram

1. Pick one object to analyze

2. Draw a box to represent the object

3. Draw an arrow to represent each force

acting on the object

4. Make sure the arrow shows the direction and

relative size of the force

Force

Symbol

Definition

Direction

Applied

Force

Fapp

The force beingapplied to an object,
either a push or a pull

Parallel to the
surface and in
the direction of

movement.

Friction

Ff

The contact force that
acts to oppose sliding motion between surfaces

Parallel to surface & opposite direction of sliding

Normal

FN

The contact force exerted by a surface on an object

Perpendicular to & away from the surface

Weight

Fg

A long-range force due to gravitational attraction between two objects

Straight down
toward center

of Earth

Normal Force (FN)

uDefined as the force of a

surface pushing back on an
object.

uAlways directed

perpendicular to the
surface.

uThis is a contact force. No

contact…no normal force.

uNOT always equal to weight.

Examples:

FN

Table

W
a
l l

FN

Draw

Draw the Free Body Diagram for the forces acting on a book sitting at rest on a table.

Draw

An egg is free falling from a nest in a tree. Neglecting air resistance, draw a Free Body Diagram showing the forces involved.

Draw

A flying squirrel is gliding (no wing flaps)
from a tree to the ground at constant
velocity. Consider air resistance. A free
body diagram for this squirrel looks
like…

Draw

A rightward force is applied to
a book at rest, in order to
move it across a desk.
Consider frictional forces.
Neglect air resistance.
Construct a free-body diagram
for the book.

Newton’s 2nd Law
Fnet = ma

If an unbalanced force acts on a
mass, that mass will accelerate in
the direction of the force.

Newton’s 1st Law says that without an unbalanced
force objects will remain at constant velocity
(a=0)…so it seems logical to say that if we apply a
force we will see an acceleration.

2 N

8 N

a

Since 8N is greater than 2N,
the unbalanced force (6N) is to
the right so the acceleration is
to the right.

Dropdown

Which direction will the object move based on the forces acting on the object?​

Select answer

​

Dropdown

Which direction will the object move based on the forces acting on the object?​

Select answer

​

Dropdown

Which direction will the object move based on the forces acting on the object?​

Select answer

Dropdown

Which direction will the object move based on the forces acting on the object?​

Select answer

​

or

u Acceleration and net force are

directly related. If Fnet doubles,
acceleration doubles.

u Acceleration and mass are

indirectly related. If m doubles,
acceleration is half as much.

F=ma

Friction

u A resistance force usually caused by

two surfaces moving past each other.

u Always in a direction that opposes the

motion.

u Measured in Newtons.

u Depends on surface texture and how

hard the surfaces are pressed together.

u Surface texture determines the

coefficient of friction (µ) which has no
units.

u Normal force measures how hard the

surfaces are pressed together.

Types of friction

u Static friction is the force an object must

overcome to start moving. Static means stationary so the object is at rest.

u Kinetic friction is the force an object must

overcome to keep moving. Kinetic means
moving so the object is moving.

Static friction is always greater

than kinetic friction!

May the Net Force be with you

u Net force is the vector sum of all the forces

acting on an object.

u Net force is equal to the mass of an object times

the acceleration of that object. The unbalanced
force referred to in Newton’s Law of Motion

u Net force can be found two ways:

1

2

net

net

F

F

F

F

F

=

+
net

ma

F =

2

20

(3

)

60

net

net

net

F

ma

F

kg

m s

F

N

=

=

=

Net force can be found by finding
the sum of the force vectors or by
mass times acceleration.

Example using mass times acceleration:
Find the net force for a 20 kg object that
is being accelerated at 3 m/s2 .

10 kg

40 N

I have a box weighing 10 kg and I push it with
a force of 40 N.

Math Response

I have a box weighing 10 kg and I push it with a force of 40 N. What is the Acceleration in m/s^2? Use the Up and Right directions as the positive direction and the Down and Left directions as the negative directions.

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 4

Deg^°

Rad

10 kg

40 N

40 N

Two kids are fighting over a box that weighs 10 kg.
Both of them are pulling with a force of 40 N.

Math Response

Two kids are fighting over a box that weighs 10 kg. Both of them are pulling with a force of 40 N. What is the Acceleration in m/s^2? Use the Up and Right directions as the positive direction and the Down and Left directions as the negative directions.

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 0

Deg^°

Rad

5 kg

10 N

3 N

Two kids are fighting over a box that weighs 5
kg. One is pulling with a force of 3 N and the
other is pulling with a force of 10 N

Math Response

Two kids are fighting over a box that weighs 5 kg. One is pulling with a force of 3 N and the other is pulling with a force of 10 N. What is the Acceleration in m/s^2? Use the Up and Right directions as the positive direction and the Down and Left directions as the negative directions.

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 1.4

Deg^°

Rad

Newton’s 3rd Law
Action - Reaction

For every action force there is
an equal and opposite
reaction force.

Example: If you punch a wall with your fist in anger,

the wall hits your fist with the same

force. That’s why it hurts!

Action-reaction forces cannot balance each
other out because they are acting on
different objects. The forces acting on an
object determine their motion.

Think about this…

u How do rockets

work?

Open Ended

Describe how Rockets work in the context of Newton's Third Law of Motion.

Think about this…

u How does jumping

work?

Open Ended

Describe how jumping over the high jump work in the context of Newton's Third Law of Motion.

How about this…

u What happens to you

if you throw a ball?

u What about out in

space?

Open Ended

Describe how throwing a ball work in the context of Newton's Third Law of Motion.

Multiple Choice

Calculate the force of gravity (F) between two objects whose masses are m₁ = 100 kg and m₂ = 1000 kg if they are separared by a distance of d = 500 m.

• 2.67 * 10^-11 N

• 0.4 N

• 6.67 * 10^-11 N

• 1.3 * 10^-8 N

Multiple Choice

Find the distance between two objects whose masses are m₁ = 4,500 kg, and m₂ = 8,700 kg; if the gravitational force between them is F = 2.0 x 10^-8 N.

• 130565.25 m

• 361.34 m

• 0.19575 m

• 0.783 m

Multiple Choice

The larger the mass of an object...

• The smaller the force of gravity.

• The larger the force of gravity.

• Mass has no effect on the amount of gravity an object experiences.

Multiple Choice

As the distance between objects increases...

• The smaller the force of gravity.

• The larger the force of gravity.

• Mass has no effect on the amount of gravity an object experiences.

Multiple Choice

Doubling the distance between two objects...

• ...will double the force of gravity.

• ...will half the force of gravity.

• ...will quadruple the force of gravity.

• ...will quarter the force of gravity.

Multiple Choice

Halving the distance between two objects...

• ...will double the force of gravity.

• ...will half the force of gravity.

• ...will quadruple the force of gravity.

• ...will quarter the force of gravity.

Multiple Choice

I man who weighs 1000N on the surface of the earth will weigh how much at twice the distance in the atmosphere.

• 500 N

• 250 N

• 2000 N

• 4000N

Torque

Torque Definition

u Torque, t, is the tendency of a force to

rotate an object about some axis

u Let F be a force acting on an object,

and let r be a position vector from a
rotational center to the point of
application of the force, with F
perpendicular to r. The magnitude of the
torque is given by

𝜏 = 𝑟 ∗ 𝐹

Units for τ are the N*m
(Newton Meters)

With an Angle

u What if the Force is not neatly perpendicular?

u That’s an easy fix, we just need to add a little trig,

and our equation becomes…

u Where r and F are still the radius and Force, and θ

is the angle the Force is applied.

𝜏 = 𝑟 ∗ 𝐹 ∗ sin 𝜃

Force vs. Torque

u Forces cause accelerations

u What cause angular accelerations ?

u A door is free to rotate about an axis through

Point O

u There are two factors that determine the

effectiveness of the force in opening the door:

u The magnitude of the force

u The position of the application of the force

Math Response

A 16 cm wrench is being rotated with a force of 2 N. What is the
torque in N*m?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 0.32

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

A door requires a Torque of 180 N*m to open. What is the minimum distance in meters you need to be to open the door if you are applying a force of 200 N?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 0.9

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

What is the minimum force in Newtons required to open a door if it is 1.5 m wide and requires 100 N*m of torque?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 66.67

Deg^°

Rad

Energy, Work, and
Power

What is energy?

uWhat do you think are some

examples of Energy?

Everything that happens uses
energy!!!

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC
BY-NC-ND

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed
under CC BY

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA-NC

This Photo by Unknown
Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA

What is Energy?

u Energy is the work done on an

object when a force of one newton
acts on that object in the direction
of the force's motion through one
meter.

u In simple terms, Energy is the ability

to do work.

u Measured in Joules (J)

u 1 J = 1 kg*m2/s2

u Named after James Prescott Joule

in 1889

Potential and Kinetic Energy

uPotential Energy

uStored in an

object

uEnergy based on

the position of an
object.

uKinetic Energy

uEnergy of a

MOVING object

uWhen Potential

Energy is being
used up, it causes
object to move.

How can we represent these?

uGravitational

Potential
Energy

uKinetic Energy

Ø Elastic Potential Energy

Conservation of Energy

uA very important part of Energy is that

is CANNOT be created or
Destroyed.

uIt can only transform to another form

Math Response

An object has a mass of 30 kg and is held 15 m above the ground. What is the Potential Energy of the object?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 4414.5

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

An object moving to the right at 3 m/s has a mass of 50 kg. What is the Kinetic Energy?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 225

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

An object with a mass of 4 kg is released from a height of 20 m. What is the Potential Energy?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 784.8

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

An object with a mass of 4 kg is released from a height of 20 m. What is the Kinetic Energy as it hits the ground?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 784.8

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

Calculate the Elastic Potential energy if a spring, with a spring constant of 500 N/m, is stretched 25 cm.

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 15.63

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

The spring constant of an exercise band is 138 N/m. Calculate the distance it is stretched if there are 1000 joules stored in the band.

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 3.81

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

Find the spring constant of a spring if there are 2.57 joules stored in the spring and is is compressed a distance of 11 cm.

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 424.79

Deg^°

Rad

Mechanical Energy

u Mechanical Energy is defined as the energy

acquired by the objects upon which work is
done.

u In simple terms, Mechanical Energy is the total

energy an object has.

u Mechanical Energy can be either Kinetic

Energy, Potential Energy, or both.

𝐸𝑚 = 𝐾𝐸 + 𝑃𝐸

Work and Power

What is Work?

uWhat do you guys think Work is in

Physics?

What is Power?

uWhat do you guys think Power

is in Physics?

Definition

u Work in Physics is defined as the energy

transferred to or from an object via the
application of force along a displacement.

u In simple terms, Work is the change in Energy

and Work is a force applied through a
distance

u Work is a Scalar Quantity

u Measured in Joules

Definition

uPower in Physics in defined as the amount

of energy transferred or converted per unit
time.

uIn simple terms, Power is the Work done

over Time

uPower is a Scalar quantity

uMeasured in Watts

Equations

Math Response

uA mass of 30 kg starts from rest and speeds up to 2 m/s. What is the work done on this object?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 60

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

uA mass of 30 kg starts from rest and speeds up to 2 m/s. What is the Power used if this occurred over 3 seconds?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 20

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

uWhen doing a chin-up, a physics student lifts her 42.0-kg body a distance of 0.25 meters in 2 seconds. What is the power delivered by the student's biceps?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 51.5

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

uA typical Formula 1 racecar produces 782984.9 W and can reach speeds of 111 m/s. How much mass do typical F-1 racecars have? Assume the car starts at rest and it takes 5.85 s to reach that speed.

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 743.52

Deg^°

Rad

Momentum and
Impulse

What is Momentum?

uWe can say momentum is “inertia in

motion”

uMomentum is a vector quantity.

uMomentum is measured in units of kg

* m/s

How can we represent this?

uMomentum is the product of the

mass and the velocity of an
object.

up = mv

Quick Check

uWhat has more Momentum:

uA large truck or a smaller car if both are

moving at 50mph

uDoes a truck at rest have momentum

Dropdown

What has more Momentum, a large truck or a smaller car if both are moving at 50mph?​

Select answer

Multiple Choice

Does a truck at rest have Momentum?

• Yes

• No

• Not sure

Math Response

How fast would a 2kg skate need to move to have the same momentum as a 1000kg truck moving at 0.01 m/s?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 5

Deg^°

Rad

Example 2

uWhat factors can affect an

objects momentum?

Multiple Select

What factors can affect an objects momentum?

• Mass

• Velocity

• Density

• Acceleration

• Color

Impulse

What is Impulse

uBy adding a force, we can change the

momentum of an object right?

uImpulse is defined as the change in

Momentum.

uThe units for Impulse are N*s

How can we represent this?

uImpulse is a Force acting on an object

during a time period

uWhy did physicists pick “J” for Impulse?

How does Impulse relate to
Momentum

u Impulse is defined as the change in

Momentum.

u This is called the Impulse-Momentum

Theorem

u 𝐽 = ∆𝑝

u 𝐹 ∗ ∆𝑡 = 𝑚 ∗ ∆𝑣

u 𝐹 ∗ ∆𝑡 = 𝑚𝑣𝑓 − 𝑚𝑣𝑜

How does Impulse relate to Force?

uDivide both sides by Δt

Math Response

What is the impulse caused by a force of 22 N acting over a time of 5 s?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 110

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

How much would the velocity change if an impulse of -50 N*s acts on a mass of 10 kg moving 3 m/s to the right? What is the new velocity?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: -2

Deg^°

Rad

Conservation of
Momentum

What is Conservation of
Momentum?

u Conservation of Momentum means The total

momentum of a system of objects must
remain constant unless outside forces act on
the system.

u Remember Newton’s First Law of Motion?

u Just like energy,Momentum cannot be

created or destroyed.

u Most studies of the Conservation of

Momentum involve Collisions

Collisions

uPerfectly Elastic

uPerfectly Inelastic

uExplosions

Perfectly Elastic Collisions

u Objects bounce off each other, then return to

their original shape.

u Objects retain their original masses, but both

might be moving at different final velocities.

u Do you have any examples of this?

Perfectly Inelastic Collisions

u Objects stick together and move as one.

u The mass after the collision is equal to the sum of

the masses and there is just one (1) final velocity

u Do you have any examples of this?

Explosion

uObjects are initially at rest or are

“one” object when they separate or
explode.

uDo you have any examples of this?