Cell Signaling, Cell Cycle, Cancer, DNA Wayground 2026

Multiple Choice

In mitosis, the two resulting cells are

• different from the starting cell and identical to each other.
• different from the starting cell and different from each other.
• identical to the starting cell and different from each other.
• identical to the starting cell and identical to each other.

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of second messengers in cell signaling?

• To amplify the signal received by the receptor

• To deactivate the signaling pathway

• To act as the primary signal molecule

• To directly alter gene expression

Open Ended

What problems does growth cause for cells?

Multiple Choice

CLICK ON IMAGE: Which cell would have the greatest surface area and smallest volume?

• 1um cube (smallest)

• 2um cube (middle)

• 4um cube (largest)

Reorder

Sort the images so that the events of the CELL CYCLE occur in order.

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Reorder

Reorder the following stages of mitosis in order from start to finish.

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

1

2

3

4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

What is the order of the three phases in interphase?

• G1, G2, S

• S, G1, G2

• G1, S, G2

• G1, G2, G3

Multiple Choice

What is the structure of eukaryotic chromosomes as described in the image?

• Chromatin

• Nucleosomes

• Histones

• Supercoils

Multiple Choice

What is the approximate length of human DNA?

• 1 ft

• 3 ft

• 6 ft

• 10 ft

Multiple Choice

What are the two types of factors that signal a cell to start or stop division?

• Internal

• External

• Both Internal and External

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

What is the process called when normal mammalian cells stop dividing after forming a complete single layer?

• Density-dependent inhibition

• Anchorage dependence

• Cellular apoptosis

• Mitosis

Multiple Choice

What are the main differences between benign and malignant tumors?

• Benign tumors are harmful, malignant tumors are not harmful

• Benign tumors do not metastasize, malignant tumors do

• Benign tumors are caused by genetics, malignant tumors are caused by pathogens

• Benign tumors are caused by radiation, malignant tumors are caused by chemicals

Open Ended

What is cancer and how does it relate to the cell cycle?

Multiple Choice

How does RNA differ from DNA?

• RNA contains uracil and deoxyribose
• RNA contains ribose and thymine
• RNA contains uracil and ribose
• RNA contains adenine and ribose

Multiple Choice

Why are your chromosomes arranged in pairs?

• Because you only get chromosomes from your mother.

• Because you get one from your mother, and one from your father

• Because you only get chromosomes from your father.

Multiple Choice

What organism was Griffith using when he discovered that a harmless strain of bacteria could transform into a lethal strain of bacteria?

• pea plants
• fruit flies
• bacteriophages
• mice

Multiple Choice

What was the outcome when Griffith's mouse was injected with the rough strain (nonvirulent)?

• The mouse dies

• The mouse lives

• The mouse becomes ill

• The mouse shows no symptoms

Multiple Choice

This scientist(s) found a "transforming principle" that changed harmless bacteria into harmful bacteria

• Mendel
• Avery
• Chargraff
• Griffith

Multiple Choice

By using radioactive isotopes, Hershey and Chase were able to conclude that _____ is the carrier of genetic information.

• DNA
• Protein
• Carbohydrate
• Lipid

Multiple Choice

What are the steps involved in the Bacteriophage life cycle?

• Attachment

• Penetration

• Replication

• Release

Multiple Choice

What was discovered in the Hershey-Chase experiment?

• The role of DNA in heredity

• The structure of proteins

• The function of ribosomes

• The process of photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Who are the key players mentioned in the race for understanding DNA structure?

• Linus Pauling

• Maurice Wilkins

• James Watson

• Francis Crick

Multiple Choice

What important information about DNA did this image provide?

• The black and white pattern implied DNA had positive and negative charges.

• The light circle in the center implied DNA strands were not bonded together.

• The x-shape immediately suggested DNA had a double-helix structure.

Multiple Choice

In 1952 Rosalind Franklin took the x-ray photograph shown below, which gave the world its first look at DNA. By studying this photograph, scientists gained knowledge about the —

• role of DNA in protein synthesis
• mutation of nucleotide sequences in DNA
• sequence of DNA that makes up the human genome
• double-helix structure of DNA

Multiple Choice

This is what part of the nucleotide?

• phosphate group

• nitrogen base

• sugar

• fatty acid

Poll

How confident do you feel about this topic now?

• Very confident
• Somewhat confident
• Not confident