Earth Science CFA Review

​Earth Science CFA Review

It's Timeeeeeeeeeee!

Soon, you will be taking your final Earth Science CFA! It is 25 questions, but don't fret! Everything up there is content we have learned in class, and I have made this interactive lesson SPECIFICALLY for our review! Please pay attention and be ready to answer questions at any moment. Top 5 on the leaderboard get lollipops :)

Let's start by reviewing some questions from your latest assessment that are VERY important to know!

#1: The differences of temperatures on land and water cause wind movements near coastal areas. Which images correctly classifies the breezes caused from temperature differences?

#2

Multiple Choice

Again, why did the coastal plains (which is closer to the water) see milder winder climates?

• The coastal plains have way less sea breeze and land breeze, making temperatures cooler.

• The coastal plains is more impacted by the Gulf Stream which brings warmer air.

• Winters are always mild in North Carolina regardless of how close they are to the water.

• The Gulf Stream brings colder water and colder air, helping temperatures become more moderate.

warm/cold

warm/cold

hotter/colder/moderate

Remember this image? I want you to Turn and Talk to your partner and discuss what steps of the water cycle are showcased through this model.

Remember, you have EVAPORATION, TRANSPIRATION, CONDENSATION, PRECIPITATION, RUNOFF/COLLECT

Open Ended

What steps did you and your partner come up with (it's okay if you have the same answers!)

Let's Start With The Water Cycle

You should know the steps of the Water Cycle by now and what happens in each step

Remember, that the water cycle is driven by the sun's energy

Turn and Talk: We've discussed how air temperature is connected to evaporation. However, how do you think air temperature is connected to condensation?

Let's Get These Weather Instruments Out of the Way!

Anemometer:

+ Measures WIND SPEED
+ Cups catch the wind and spin faster or slower depending on the movement of the wind



Turn and Talk:
If an anemometer has a high reading, what does that mean and what does it tell you about the weather?

Let's Get These Weather Instruments Out of the Way!

Barometer:

+ Measures AIR PRESSURE
+ Low or High pressure systems tell us about weather condition



Turn and Talk:
Partner 1 --> describe high air pressure weather
Partner 2 --> describe low air pressure weather

Let's Get These Weather Instruments Out of the Way!

Wind Vane:

+ Measures WIND DIRECTION
+ Is the wind coming from the North (N), South (S), East (E), or West (W)



Turn and Talk:
Why does it matter what direction the wind is coming from?

Let's Tackle Air Pressure

Remember how air pressure affects weather:

High = HAPPY WEATHER
(fair weather, clear skies, low cloud cover, light breezes, etc.)

Low = LOUSY WEATHER
(rainy, thunderstorms, more cloud cover, high winds, etc.)

Multiple Select

Select all that apply: A recent weather map shows that a low pressure system will be moving into Rocky Mount soon. What kind of weather can Rocky Mount expect?

• Clear skies/fair weather

• Increased cloud cover

• Decreased cloud cover

• Possible precipitation (rain/thunderstorms)

• Warmer temperatures

Multiple Choice

You are collecting barometric pressure data for an experiment in school. When you take measurements in the afternoon, you notice the pressure has been steadily rising compared to your measurements from that morning. What prediction is the MOST LIKELY for the weather for the rest of the day?

• Clear skies in the morning, precipitation in the event.

• Severe storms like hurricanes and tornadoes

• Fair weather with high wind speeds

• Clear skies with minimum cloud cover

Let's Revisit Clouds!

Let's Take A Look At the Major Cloud Types

Open Ended

Ms. Hunter goes outside and notices cumulonimbus clouds forming in the area. What kind of weather can she expect?

Multiple Choice

The 5th grade teachers are planning a beach field trip. On the day, they want to go they notice scattered cumulus clouds in the sky. Should they go to the beach that day or schedule for another time?

• They should go; cumulus clouds only bring a little bit of rain that goes away quickly

• They should go; cumulus clouds signal fair weather conditions

• They should not go; cumulus clouds bring heavy rain and thunderstorms

• They should not go; cumulus clouds always lead to cumulonimbus clouds.

Let's Move On To Fronts!

Cold Fronts Are VERY Important For You To Know

A cold front is when cool, dense air pushes under warm air

Cold fronts bring decreased/lower temperatures AFTER THE FRONT PASSES

Cold fronts also bring thunderstorms/rain that comes BEFORE THE FRONT PASSES

Sea and Land Breeze

The Ocean's Effect on Climate

It is very important that you understand how sea and land breeze work.

Sea Breeze and Land Breeze are driven by TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES

Multiple Choice

Building on what we just learned, which of the following would lead to a sea breeze becoming stronger?

• A hurricane suddenly forming

• A sudden gust of wind from the Gulf Stream

• Greater temperature differences between land and sea

• Nothing would make a sea breeze stronger

Gulf Stream

The Ocean's Effect on Climate (pt.2)

The Gulf Stream is so important because it brings WARM OCEAN WATER

Therefore, it brings WARM AIR along with it as well.

Multiple Choice

If the Gulf Stream brings warm air how does this affect the climate of coastal areas?

• It makes temperatures cooler and more mild than they typically would be

• It makes temperatures warmer an more mild than they typically would be

• The Gulf stream only affects inland areas, not coastal areas

• The Gulf Stream brings warm air which cools down places along the coast

About Hurricanes!

Hurricanes, just like cars, run on fuel!

The fuel for a hurricane is.......WARM OCEAN WATER!

- The more warm ocean water a hurricane has access to --> the stronger it is

-The less warm ocean water a hurricane has access to (like when it reaches land) --> the weaker it is

Hurricanes have different categories depending on wind speed!

Think about the following hurricanes and what categories they would fit into:


1. A hurricane with wind speeds of 112 mph
2. A hurricane with wind speeds of 167 mph
3. A hurricane with wind speeds of 74 mph
4. A hurricane with wind speeds of 109 mph

Write on your whiteboard your answer for each!

Air Masses (cP, cT, mP, and mT)

Continental = dry air (above land)

Maritime = wet/moist air (above water)

Tropical = warm air

Polar = cool/cold air

Multiple Choice

Maritime Polar air is _____________

• Dry and warm

• Dry and cold

• Moist and warm

• Moist and cold

Multiple Select

Select all that apply: Continental Tropical air is ________

• Warm

• Cold

• Dry

• Moist

The time is approaching for us to take our test. Please remember...

- Come to school well rested on testing day and make sure you get some breakfast if possible
- BELIEVE IN YOURSELF! Use that wonderful brain your have and think through these problems
- TAKE YOUR TIME DURING THE TEST! Just because someone gets done quick does not mean they are better than you in anyway.
- STUDY, STUDY, STUDY! I know you would probably prefer to do anything else but think about how rewarding it will be to say you passed your CFA and you're an Earth Science master.
- MS. HUNTER BELIEVES IN YOU! Please believe in yourself as well!