An Introduction to DNA

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the role of DNA in living organisms?

• It stores genetic information that determines traits

• It provides energy for cellular processes

• It helps organisms move

• It protects cells from viruses

Multiple Choice

Which part of the cell contains DNA, and what is its primary function?

• Nucleus; stores energy

• Mitochondria; produces proteins

• Nucleus (or mitochondria); carries genetic information

• Cytoplasm; controls cell division

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are the three components of a DNA nucleotide?

• Phosphate group, ribose sugar, nitrogen base

• Phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogen base

• Phosphate group, glucose, nitrogen base

• Phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, uracil

Multiple Choice

The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA are ___, ___, ___, and ___.

• uracil, cytosine, thymine, adenine
• adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine
• adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
• thymine, cytosine, uracil, adenine

Multiple Choice

What is the complementary strand for the DNA sequence ATCGGCTACGT?

• TAGCCGATGCA

• TACGGCTAGCT

• ATCGGCTACGT

• TAGCCGATGCT

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a bodily source from which DNA can be extracted?

• Blood

• Saliva

• Platelets

• Hair

Multiple Choice

What type of evidence is DNA considered to be?

• class evidence

• direct evidence

• individual evidence

• useless evidence

Multiple Choice

Mitochondrial DNA is found in the ___ of the cell.

• nucleus
• ribosomes
• mitochondria
• cytoplasm

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about Nuclear DNA and Mitochondrial DNA are correct?

• Nuclear DNA is inherited from both parents.

• Mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother.

• Nuclear DNA is less unique than mitochondrial DNA.

• Mitochondrial DNA is useful in cases of degraded samples.

Multiple Choice

What is one advantage of using mitochondrial DNA in forensic investigations compared to nuclear DNA?

• It is inherited from both parents.

• It is more unique than nuclear DNA.

• It is useful in cases of degraded samples.

• It cannot be used for maternal lineage identification.

Multiple Choice

Describe a real-world example where mitochondrial DNA was used to solve a historical or forensic case.

• The application of mitochondrial DNA to trace the lineage of Neanderthals.
• The identification of the Romanov family remains using mitochondrial DNA.
• The use of mitochondrial DNA in identifying ancient Egyptian mummies.
• The analysis of mitochondrial DNA in solving the Jack the Ripper case.