Sem 1 Science Review

4 of the five characteristics of a mineral are: It must be a solid - It must have a definite chemical composition -  It must be inorganic (never living) - It must be naturally occurring (not man made) ...
What is the fifth characteristic?

• crystalline structure
• dissolves in water
• is underground
• is transparent

There are three types of sedimentary rock.  Two of these are clastic and chemical. 
What is the third type of sedimentary rock?

• layered
• inorganic
• organic
• intrusive

What 2 processes besides weathering and erosion must be applied to any kind of rock to make it a sedimentary rock?

• heat & pressure
• deposition & compaction
• it must melt
• foliation

There are two kinds of igneous rock.  Igneous rock forms when other types of rock melt, become either magma or lava, and cool again. Igneous rock that forms from cooled magma deep within the Earth is called intrusive igneous rock. 
What is the main characteristic of intrusive igneous rock like this granite?

• large crystals
• small crystals
• dark color
• smooth texture

What must happen to any kind of rock to make it an igneous rock? 

• heat and pressure
• it must melt
• deposition
• foliation

Metamorphic rock is formed deep within the Earth under extreme heat and pressure. Gneiss is a foliated rock.  It has bands of color, formed when pressure makes the minerals line up together. The other type of metamorphic rock forms under even more pressure and the bands spread out. 
What is this second type of metamorphic rock called? 

• striped
• non-foliated
• foliated
• granite

What forces must act on any type of rock to make it a metamorphic rock?

• heat & pressure
• it must melt
• deposition
• foliation

Why are fossils found only in sedimentary rock?

• igneous rock isn't old enough
• fossils form only on land
• fossils form only in water
• fossils are destroyed by heat & pressure

What is relative dating?

• superposition means rock on top is older
• superposition means rock on top is younger
• rock that's worn away is older
• all rock is 4.6 billion years old

What is absolute dating?

• all answers are absolutely correct
• rock is dated compared to other rock
• rock is dated based on where it is found
• the rock has an approximate numerical date