SSUSH 12

The Pullman Strike (1894) was significant in American labor history because it showed that

• unions were powerful enough to break restrictions placed on them by management
• unions were corrupted by anarchists after people were killed during the protest in Chicago.
• non-violent civil disobedience was a successful way to protest racial segregation in the "Jim Crow" South.
• the needs and concerns of union members mattered less to the government than the needs and concerns of industrial executives.

Why did most of the immigrants who came to America in the late 19th century settle in the cities?

• City living was spacious, clean, and far from overpopulated
• city living was crowded but there were plenty of recreational activities.
• cities were the cheapest places to live and offered unskilled laborers steady jobs
• People had a hard time finding work so they settled into the cities since they could not afford to move.

"The Condition of the Laboring Man at Pullman."
This political cartoon was published in the 1890s and points to the growing

• power of unions in the United States
• concern regarding factory working conditions
• involvement of government in private business
• gap in wages between laborers and industrialists.

The "New Immigration" to the United States in the late-nineteenth century refers to the increased numbers of people arriving from

• East Asia
• South America
• Northern Europe
• Southern Europe

Which statement BEST describes American policy towards Native Americans in the late 19th century?

• Native Americans generally settled where they wanted to
• Most Native Americans fled to Canada for protection from US forces
• Most Native Americans were practically forced to relocate to reservations
• Native Americans pleaded with the government to create reservations for them.

The ending of the Pullman Strike is significant because it

• demonstrated unions' superiority and solidarity
• demonstrated the US government's support of worker's rights
• demonstrated the US government's pro-business alliances
• showed that the US government was unwilling to get involved in business matters

What was the significance of the massacre at Wounded Knee?

• It led directly to the passage of the Dawes Act of 1887
• It marked the end of Indian resistance to the United States government.
• It marked the beginning of a massive wave of combat between the US military and the Sioux nation
• The United States government passed legislation to prohibit the use of violence against Native American.

"To protect the workers in their inalienable rights to a higher and better life; to protect them, not only as equals before the law, but also in their health, their homes, workers, and as citizens; to overcome and conquer prejudices and antagonism; to secure to them the right to life, and the opportunity to maintain that life, the right to be full sharers in the abundance which is the result of their brain and brawn and the civilization of which they are the founders and the mainstay...."
- Samuel Gompers, President of the American Federation of Labor, 1898
Based on this passage, which issue facing laborers did Samuel Gompers want to focus on first?

• shorter working day
• obtaining high wages 
• guaranteed retirement pensions
• guaranteed two weeks vacation