Chapters 12 and 13 Review

The Amazon is a tropical rainforest in South America. A tropical rainforest is

• a dense deciduous forest found in cold and dry regions in the United States.
• a hot and humid forest found in the heart of deserts in both Africa and Asia.
• a broadleaf evergreen forest found in hot and wet regions near the equator.
• a forest with very few types of foliage and animal life found in Australia.

Rainforests are nicknamed "the lungs of the Earth" because their rich plant life

• plays a major role in the carbon-oxygen cycle.
• releases carbon dioxide, which we turn into oxygen.
• has organs that allow them to breathe like humans.
• homes tropical birds that help create carbon dioxide.

In the 1960s, land use conflicts arose between newcomers and rubber tappers when the government

• encouraged deforestation so that farmers and ranchers could use the land.

• began charging rubber tappers higher taxes than ranchers and farmers.

• limited the number of trees a rubber tapper could use to collect sap from.

• made all rubber tappers work in groups to reduce how much land was used.

Why is the Amazon a difficult place for settlers to farm in?

• There is too much rainfall.
• The land is overpopulated.
• The area is very hot and dry.
• The soil is poor in nutrients.

How do environmentalists want to protect the Amazon rainforest?

• They want to home all of the native Amazonian people.
• They want to restrict the development of the rainforest.
• They want to force all farmers and ranchers to out of the land.
• They want to charge the native Amazonian people for using the land.

Land use conflict in the Amazon rainforest is often caused by different groups

• having misunderstandings about its land boundaries.
• wanting to charge other groups for using its land.
• having different ideas about how to use its land.
• all other answers

How is the native Amazonian's lifestyle a sustainable way of life?

• Their lifestyle does not cause long-term damage to the rainforest.
• They farm on very small areas of land for many years at a time.
• They have lived on the same land for at least 12,000 years.
• They fertilize the soil they use, and replant new seeds every year.

Why does logging harm the Amazon rainforest?

• Loggers are required to live in the rainforest, so they build houses and buildings.
• Loggers often litter the rainforest because there is no garbage system in the area.
• Logging pollutes the air because trees release carbon dioxide when they are cut.
• Loggers often clear-cut whole patches of rainforest, which leads to deforestation.

In the rainforest, many cattle graze throughout the Amazon

• river.
• canyon.
• basin.
• lake.

Ecotourism is a type of tourism that

• charges tourists fees to help maintain the land.
• employs only native peoples and poorer families.
• alternates between activities so land is not overused.
• focuses on not harming the land that people visit.