CHE-Ch 8 Vocab (Covalent Bonds)

A chemical reaction or process in which a greater amount of energy is required to break the existing bonds of the reactants than is released when the new bonds form in the product molecules.

• exothermic reaction
• molecule
• hybridization
• endothermic reaction

Valence shell electron pair repulsion model, which is based on an arrangement that minimizes the repulsion of shared and unshared pairs of electrons around the central atom.

• pi bond
• resonance
• VSEPR model
• sigma bond

Forms when one atom donates a pair of electrons to be shared with an atom or ion that needs two electrons to becomes stable.

• covalent bond 
• sigma bond
• polar covalent bond
• coordinate covalent bond

A single covalent bond that is formed when an electron pair is shared by the direct overlap of bonding orbitals.

• oxyacid
• pi bond
• covalent bond
• sigma bond

A process in which atomic orbitals are mixed to form new, identical hybrid orbitals.

• resonance
• sigma bond
• pi bond
• hybridization

Condition that occurs when more than one valid Lewis structure exists for the same molecule.

• molecule
• oxyacid
• pi bond
• resonance

Forms when two or more atoms covalently bond and is lower in potential energy that its constituent atoms.

• resonance
• molecule
• pi bond 
• oxyacid

A bond that is formed when parallel orbitals overlap to share electrons.

• sigma bond
• oxyacid
• molecule
• pi bond

A chemical reaction or process in which more energy is released than is required to break bonds in the initial reactants.

• endothermic reaction
• hybridization
• exothermic reaction
• molecule

A model that use electron-dot structures to show how electrons are arranged in molecules. Pairs of dots or lines represent bonding pairs.

• molecule
• VSEPR model
• Lewis structure
• resonance