APES Review Water

Water diversion has significantly reduced the size of:

• the Aral Sea
• Lake Erie
• The Nile
• Lake Baikal

Which is true of desalination?

• The technique of distillation requires less energy than reverse osmosis
• Brine can be dumped on land to help crops. 
• Desalination plants are common in developing nations
• The technique of reverse osmosis leaves brine. 

When deep wells are heavily pumped, one result can be:

• decreased groundwater recharge
• spring formation
• a cone of depression
• a rise in the water table

Groundwater recharge:

• is the result of precipitation
• occurs rapidly in confined aquifers
• does not occur in unconfined aquifers
• sometimes occurs as a spring

In the United States, most water is used for:

• agriculture
• domestic use
• industry
• hydroelectric power

Which irrigation method is most efficient?

• Furrow
• Spray
• Flood
• Drip

A water efficient washer costs $400 more than a regular washer and saves 100 Liters of water for each load.  If water costs $5 per 1000 L and you wash 100 loads each year, how many years will it take to recoup the extra cost of the machine?

• 10
• 8
• 5
• 4

The primary use of industrial water in the United States is:

• mining
• making paper
• electricity generation
• construction

What % of the water on Earth is fresh water?

• 3%
• 10%
• 70%
• 97%

Which of the following contrasts between confined and unconfined aquifers is correct?

• Confined aquifers recharge more rapidly
• Only confined aquifers can produce artesian wells
• only unconfined aquifers have a layer of impermeable rock above them
• Only unconfined aquifers can be drilled for wells to extract water