Sociology and Groups

A bureaucracy is an example of a formal organization because

• bureaucracies and formal organizations are always run by governments
• reaucracies are deliberately created to reach long-term goals.
• everyone in the organization has the same amount of power.
• bureaucracies and formal organizations both tend to last only until a specific goal is met

How might in-group members identify one another?

• By clapping
• By using a special handshake
• By using first names only
• By waving hello

One function of a reference group is to

• exclude others
• form identities
• eliminate group boundries
• establish relationships

A bureaucracy is based on

• informal organizations
• oligarchy
• coercion
• rationalization

Which of the following best expresses conformity?

• What do you think?
• That's a bad idea.
• Let's talk this over.
• All my friends say I should.

What is one characteristic of groups?

• They are always small and informal
• the members of a group include insiders and outsiders
• they do not create boundaries
• they include as many people as possible

What happens in the bystander effect?

• People fail to act because they assume someone else will take action
• Groups form to watch an action unfold
• Members of a group obey the commands of a leader
• Individuals act independently of other group members

Which of the following is a characteristic of a social network?

• A social network includes only primary groups
• A social network dilutes relationships by bringing in many members
• A social network can provide a sense of belonging and purpose
• A social network involves close and continuous contact among members

Authority refers to using power

• to promote conflict
• that derives from a legitimate source
• to discriminate against specific social categories of people
• in an illegal way

Which of the following is an advantage of a bureaucracy?

• increased costs because of extra staff
• efficiency because of family ties
• rules promise at least a measure of equal treatment
• speed of arbitrary decision-making