Chapter 9 Review Water Resources

Which of the following is true regarding freshwater availability?

• Over 50% is available belowground
• Over 75% is available in surface water bodies
• Over 75% is unavailable in ice and glaciers
• Over 75% is unavailable in atmospheric water

What is a benefit of unconfined aquifers?

• They are not easily polluted.
• They recharge rapidly.
• They are surrounded by layers of impermeable rock.
• They support a diverse population of aquatic life.

What is the uppermost level at which the water is a given area fully saturates the rock or soil?

• Aquifers
• Springs
• Water Table
• Groundwater Recharge

Water tends to be older, perhaps 10,000 years to 20,000 years, in what type of water resource?

• Artesian Well
• Springs
• Unconfined aquifer
• Confined aquifer

What happens when adjacent saltwater infiltrates a freshwater resource due to rapid pumping?

• Cone of despression
• Saltwater intrusion
• Oligotrophic lake transformation
• Impermeable surfaces

Places where water from aquifers naturally percolates up to the ground surface are known as

• Wells
• Springs
• Cones of depression
• Water tables

What can levees do?

• Prevent flooding
• Cause flooding downstream
• Encourage development of floodplains
• All of the above

What can dams do for the surrounding environment?

• Promote the migration of salmon
• Deposit sediments on the floodplains.
• Controls flooding
• Decreases the salinity of water

What area produces 50% of desalinated water?

• The United States
• South America
• Central Asia
• Middle East

What type of irrigation is the most efficient?

• Drip irrigation
• Furrow irrigation
• Spray irrigation
• Flood irrigation