Chapters 1 & 2 Psychology

The origins of psychology can be traced to

• philosophy and physiology
• the unconscious mind
• botany and kinetics 
• speculation and hindsight

Empiricism refers to 

• how nature selects organisms best suited for survival in a particular enviorment
• scientific method based on information and knowledge derived from direct observation or experience
• reaching and achieving self-actualization
• scientific method based on speculation and intuition

What is a case study?

• A study on a group of people overtime
• A study of a particular group 
• A study of one or more people over  a short period of time
• A study of one person over a long period of time 

Define psychology

• The study of the mind and body
• The science of behavior and metal processes 
• Research on behavior
• Why people act the way they do 

What is a naturalistic observation?

• A research method involving the observation of nature
• The observation of how the environment influences nature and it's surroundings 
• A research method involving observing subjects in their natural environment 
• The study of one or more people at home 

What is a laboratory observation? 

• A research method involving the observation of  subjects in their natural enviorment
• Observing subjects in a controlled setting
• The study of subjects at school and home
• An observational study of how the environment influences genetics 

Behaviorism was built around the idea that 

• Research should be based on observable and measurable data 
• Reaching one's potential by developing a positive self-concept is important
• Nature selects organisms best suited for an environment 
• Unconscious motivations and wishes affect personality and psychological well-being 

Sigmund Freud believed that  

• Research should be based on observable and measurable data 
• Nature selects organisms best suited for an environment 
• Cultural and social backgrounds play a crucial role in development
• Unconscious motivations and wishes affect personality and psychological well-being 

The method Wilhelm Wundt used to study the elements of the mind was called 

• Observation
• Case Study
• Introspection
• Resistance

Which school of thought focused on how an organism adapts to the environment rather than on the study of mental components or parts 

• Functionalism 
• Behaviorism
• Gestalt
• Structuralism