Kozian Unit 3 Evolution Review

What is a species?

• A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring. 
• A group of organisms that genetically are very different from each other. 
• A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring even if those offspring are infertile.
• Indiviual organisms that live in the same environment. 

What is Speciation?

• The change from one species into two or more distinct species. 
• The movement of a group of organisms into a new area. 
• The ability to mate and reproduce.
• The death of an entire species. 

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which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?

• the wings of a red-tailed hawk
• the hind limbs of a house cat
• the fins of sharks
• the wings of an ostrich

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What is suggested by the similarity of early embryos of different species of vertebrates?

• no evolutionary relationships between the groups
• all vertebrates do not share a common ancestor that did not have a spinal cord.
• similar environments in the past
• evolution from a distant common ancestor

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Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

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If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n) (that means it worked in a common ancestor :)

• close relative
• early ancestor
• unrelated organism
• embryological stage

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Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequences
• exactly the same DNA sequences
• no proteins in common
• completely different DNA sequences

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Protein sequences in one organism that resemble those of another suggest a 

• coincidence
• lack of evolutionary relationship
• great number of mutations
• shared common ancestor

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Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene.  The change is called a(n)

• mutation
• gene flow
• gene pool
• allele

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Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop
• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
• benefits for the individual, not for the population
• Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

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