Early & High Renaissance & Mannerism

Leon Battista Alberti's architectural style represents a scholarly interpretation of classical elements seen in buildings such as

• the Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut
• the Parthenon
• the Forum of Trajan
• the Colosseum

The nudity in Donatello's David

• would have been considered heroic in Islamic art
• is inspired by Gothic portal sculpture
• references the ideal human proportions expressed in Polykleitos's canon
• recalls the nudity of public sculptures from the ancient Mediterranean

The laurel wreath on the head of the David refers to his

• oneness with nature
• victory over Goliath
• role as a shepherd
• author of a book in the Bible

Before the creation of Donatello's David, nude sculptures were not executed because

• they represented the pagan world of mythological gods
• artists were influenced by a general ban on images in Jewish art
• they showed man in a primitive and bestial state
• they were not suitable for churches

Fra Filippo Lippi's Madonna and Child with Two Angels reflects the Renaissance's attitude toward a more

• ethereal and heavenly vision of Mary and Jesus
• formal and forbidding image of divine figures
• human and approachable interpretation of heavenly figures
• pagan and mythological approach to Christian imagery

The literary source for this work is

• The New Testament
• The Odyssey
• The Qur'an
• The Metamorphosis

This type of painting is a departure from High Renaissance painting in that it

• relies on symbolism to convey its meaning
• has exaggerated and elongated figures
• is painted with a quick and visible brushstroke
• is meant for private viewing rather than public display

Paintings from this period are often seen as all of the following EXCEPT

• satiric and filled with contemporary commentary
• coded in layers of meaning defying one simple explanation
• intentionally confusing in order to create a sense of imbalance
• highly intellectual and deliberately complex

The Venetian High Renaissance differs from the Florentine High Renaissance in its great emphasis on

• foreshortening
• chiaroscuro
• warm and rich colors
• mythological scenes

Leonardo Da Vinci's Last Supper provided a general inspiration for Raphael's School of Athens. This can be particularly seen in their use of

• strict symmetry, which adds balance to the composition
• self-portraits in discreet locations
• linear perspective, which creates a unified architectural framework
• contemporary faces placed on people from the past