Earth/Space Unit 3 Review

As scientists explore deeper and deeper into Earth's crust, what have they noticed about temperature and pressure?

• both temperature and pressure decrease
• both temperature and pressure increase
• pressure increases while temperature decreases
• temperature increases while pressure decreases

Which layer of Earth would have the greatest density?

• upper mantle
• lower mantle
• inner core
• outer core

Which layer of Earth is characterized by rock that is plastic, or soft enough to flow?

• asthenosphere
• crust
• lithosphere
• inner core

The mantle of Earth is made of a plastic like material that when its heated, the material rises, cools, sinks and is then re-heated.  This constant flow of a fluid is called

• a conduction current
• a hot spot
• a volcanic eruption
• a convection current

In the early 1900's Alfred Wegener found evidence of identical rock types, identical fossils, and matching mountain ranges on different continents that are on opposite sides of an ocean.  What could be the explanation for these observations?

• All animals can swim extremely long distances 
• These observations have no significant meaning.
• In the past, continents were not located where they are today but were joined together 
• mountains are made through the same processes therefore they are very similar in their structure throughout the entire world.

According to Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift,

• Earth is shrinking
• The continents do not move, they only appear to drift.
• The Earth once had great land bridges that connected the continents.
• The continents were once joined and have since drifted apart.

Which main layer is more dense than the crust but less dense than the outer core?

• mantle
• inner core
• outer core
• crust

True or False
The Earth's thin shell of hard rock is called the crust.

• True
• False

Which layer is made up of iron and nickel?

• Crust
• Mantle
• Inner Core
• Lithosphere

Which layer of Earth is the thinnest? 

• Crust
• Mantle
• Inner Core
• Outer Core