Geology and Evolution

Which can most likely be concluded about the top layer of rock seen in an undisturbed cliff wall?

• The top layer is older than layers located farther down the cliff.
• The top layer is younger than layers located farther down the cliff.
• The top layer contains more fossils than layers located farther down the cliff.
• The top layer contains fewer fossils than layers located farther down the cliff.

Which best explains why fossils of the same species of a reptile were discovered in South America and in western Africa?

• The reptiles evolved in both South America and Africa.
• The continents of South America and Africa were once joined.
• Land bridges connected the continents of South America and Africa
• The reptiles could swim the distance between South America and Africa.

Which evidence would be most helpful to scientists in determining the age of the Earth?

• a comparison of Earth's composition to other planets' compositions.
• soils, fossils, and remnants of mountains
• sediments, minerals, soils, and size of rocks
• fossil records, rock records, and layers of Earth

Based on the Law of Superposition, what can be concluded about fossils?

• Fossils give clues about past climate patterns.
• Fossils form from the hard parts of organisms. 
• The most recent fossils were advanced organisms.
• The oldest fossils are found in the lowest rock layers.

How can the presence of fossil organisms in rocks provide information about the environment at the time the sediments were deposited?

• Fossils occur only in sedimentary rocks.
• Many organisms survive for millions of years.
• Fossils do not undergo chemical or physical weathering.
• Different organisms usually inhabit specific environments.

What is the relationship between geological and biological evolutionary theories?

• They both explain history.
• They both provide evidence of change on Earth.
• They both do not agree on evolution.
• They both do not give specific instances of changes.

Which is the best evidence that two continents were once connected?

• They have similar types of rocks and fossils.
• They are in the same stage of succession.
• They exist along the same lines of latitude.
• They have the same climate.

_{Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?}

• F
• E
• B
• A

According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?

• A
• B
• C

Which type of dating method can be used on rock layers by applying the Law of Superposition?

• relative dating
• absolute dating
• radioactive dating
• radiometric dating