Cell Structure

A student views cells from several different prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms under a high-powered microscope. Which of the following statements describes how the prokaryotic cells appear different from the eukaryotic cells?

• The prokaryotic cells are much larger.
• The prokaryotic cells do not have nuclei.
• The prokaryotic cells have mitochondria.
• The prokaryotic cells have a less distinct shape.   

Which of the following organisms has the simplest cellular structure?

• bacterium
• earthworm
• mushroom
• sunflower

Anton van Leeuwenhoek is credited with developing the first microscope. Which theory of biology was a direct result of Leeuwenhoek's work?

• The theory of natural selection
• The Gaia theory
• The theory of independent assortment
• The cell theory

The diagram below represents a freshwater protist. Which letter indicates a structure that prevents the accumulation of excess water in the protist?

• A
• B
• C
• D

Which organelle is correctly paired with its specific function?

• cell membrane—storage of hereditary information
• chloroplast—transport of materials
• ribosome—synthesis of proteins
• vacuole—production of ATP

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Some cells, such as human nerve and muscle cells, contain many more mitochondria than do other cells, such as skin cells. Why do some cells have more mitochondria than others?

• The cells use more energy.
• The cells store more nutrients.
• The cells degrade more proteins. 
• The cells divide more frequently.  

Each of the illustrations below shows either a prokaryotic cell or a eukaryotic cell. Each cell is numbered. Which two cells should be classified as prokaryotic cells?   

• 1 and 2
• 1 and 3
• 2 and 4
• 3 and 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

A student prepares some microscope slides showing root cells, leaf cells, and stem cells taken from a single plant. Which statement BEST describes how these three cell types would appear in a light microscope?  

• Each cell may appear different due to differences in the cell's DNA.
• Each cell would have only small differences is size due to different growth patterns.
• All three cell types would appear identical since they are all taken from the same plant.
• Each cell type would appear different since each type is specialized to perform a particular function.

Which structures are listed in order from the least complex to the most complex?

• plant cell, leaf, chloroplast, rose bush
• chloroplast, plant cell, leaf, rose bush
• chloroplast, leaf, plant cell, rose bush
• rose bush, leaf, plant cell, chloroplast  

The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and glucose to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called

• perforated.
• semi-permeable.
• non-conductive.
• permeable.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2