Year 10 Evolution 1

The difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in a group is called a(n)

• change
• adaption
• species
• variation

which of the folllowing is an exammple of a vestigial structure?

• the wings of a red-tailed hawk
• the hind limbs of a house cat
• the fins of sharks
• the wings of an ostrich

What is suggested by the similarity of early embryos of different species of vertebrates?

• no evolutionary relationships between the groups
• recent common ancestry
• similar environments in the past
• evolution froma distant common ancestor

Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n)

• close relative
• early ancestor
• unrelated organism
• embryological stage

Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequence
• exactly the same DNA sequences
• no proteins in common
• completely different DNA sequence

Which of the following explains how natural selection causes a trait to become predominant in a population?

• Individuals with traits that are favorable to the environment reproduce more.
• Traits of an individual change in order to adapt to changes in enviornment.
• organisms select which traits they wish to inherit
• all of these answers

Why would a population with a large amount of genetic variation be more likely to survive a severe climate change in its environment?

• Individuals will only create offspring well-suited to the climate change
• The individuals would produce more offspring
• Individuals better suited to the new climate will help less-suited individuals survive
• Some individuals will posses traits better suited to the new climate and be more likely to pass them on

Darwin's observation that finches of different species on the Galapagos have many similar physical traits supports the hypothesis that these finches

• have the ability to interbreed
• acquired traits through use and disuse
• all eat the same type of food
• descended from a common ancestor

Which process produced the two different types of beaks in the ground finch and the tree finch?

• artificial selection
• geographical distribution
• natural selection
• disuse of the beak