Age of Exploration, Renaissance, and Reformation

“Europe is waking out of a long, deep sleep…time was when learning was only found in the religious orders…learning has passed to secular princes and peers.” 
This quotation best describes the

• Renaissance
• Decline of Rome
• Crusades
• rise of Christianity

In Europe, a major characteristic of humanism was

• a belief in the supremacy of the state in relation to individual
• a rejection of ancient civilizations and their cultures
• an emphasis on social control and obedience to national rulers
• an appreciation for the basic worth of individual achievement

The Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation were similar in that both were

• stimulated by a spirit of inquiry
• supported by the working class
• limited to Italy, France, and Germany
• encouraged by the successes of the French Revolution

One factor that enabled the Renaissance to flourish in Northern Italy was that the region had

• a wealthy class that invested in the arts
• a socialist form of government
• limited contact with the Byzantine Empire
• a shrinking middle class

European society during the Renaissance differed from European society during the Middle Ages in that during the Renaissance

• the Church was no longer influential
• the emphasis on individual worth increased
• economic activity declined
• art no longer contained religious themes

Which characteristic was common to the Golden Age of Greece and the Italian Renaissance?

• a strong military led to national unity
• written constitutions led to the establishment of democratic governments
• prosperity led to the creation of many works of art
• political instability led directly to the formation of unified nation-states

The Protestant Reformation represents a turning point in European history because it

• allowed religious reformers to escape persecution
• standardized all religious writings
• ended religious unity in Western Europe
• forced most of Europe’s monarchs to become Protestants

During the Renaissance, which development contributes most to the Protestant Reformation

• advances in mathematics and science
• attention to realism and detail
• interest in Ancient Greece and Rome
• questioning of traditional authority

Which was a major result of the Reformation?

• the power of the Pope was strengthened
• the Crusades were organized
• new Christian sects emerged
• religious teachings were no longer allowed in universities

In Spain, an effect of the Inquisition during the 16th Century was to:

• prevent the introduction of Protestant religions
• reintroduce Islamic culture to the Iberian Peninsula
• implement the ideas of the Renaissance in major cities
• encourage the development of the Industrial Revolution