World War II

*Onset of World War II
*Acceleration of the Manhattan Project
-This indicates that during World War II the government:

• provided technological training for soldiers on the battlefield.
• developed a new weapon designed to gain a strategic advantage over enemies.
• instituted a disaster-preparedness program for the civilian population.
• nationalized industries considered essential to national security.

"Although the women of America are one step nearer to nylon stocking as a results of new ceiling price schedules, the prospect of "nylons for Christmas," except for a favored few, is not good, hosiery manufacturers said yesterday." November 10, 1945.
This excerpt suggests that U.S. consumers were affected by:

• labor union disputes during the Great Depression
• continued supply shortags after World War II
• the adoption of worldwide tariffs after World War II
• the closure of textile plants during the Great Depression

In 1997, Vernon Baker was awarded the Medal of Honor. How is this award historically significant?

• Baker was the first U.S. Naval officer to be honored for bravery in combat.
• Baker was the only living African American veteran of World War II to receive the medal.
• Baker commanded the first Marine brigade to land at Normandy during World War II.
• Baker was the only recipient to serve in both World War I and World War II.

The twenty-second Amendment was passed in response to which event?

• The election of Franklin D. Roosevelt to four presidential terms.
• Herbert Hoover's re-election defeat.
• Bill Clinton's impeachment trial.
• The resignation of Richard Nixon after the Watergate scandal.

Who built guns, bombs, missiles, rockets, tanks and aircraft while soldiers were fighting in Europe?

• Children
• Minorities
• Women

Navajo soldiers made an important contribution to the Allied war effort during World War II by:

• designing radar technology for submarines.
• flying bombing missions into enemy territory.
• encoding military communications for secure transmission.
• providing intelligence on enemy positions.

The rights of citizens under the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments of the Constitution were violated by the U.S. government when it authorized the establishment of:

• internment camps for Japanese Americans.
• the Office of War Mobilization
• nuclear test sites in Nevada.
• the Office of Price Administration.

"Soldiers, Sailors, and Airmen of the Allied Expeditionary Force!
You are about to embark upon the Great Crusade, toward which we have striven these many months. The eyes of the world are upon you. The hopes and prayers of liberty-loving people everywhere march with you. In company with our brave Allies and brothers-in-arms on other fronts, you will bring about he destruction of the German war machine, the elimination of Nazi tyranny over the oppressed peoples of Europe, and security for ourselves in a free world."
This 1944 order was addressed to U.S. troops sent to:

• capture the Italian mainland.
• transport weapons to Great Britain.
• Invade the beaches at Normandy.
• Repel an attack on Stalingrad.

What was one reason Japan attacked the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor?

• The U.S. strategy of island hopping had disturbed Pacific trade routes.
• The Japanese naval fleet had been defeated at the Battle fo Midway.
• Japanese Americans had been relocated to internment camps.
• U.S. trade sanctions had caused shortages of oil, gas, and rubber.

The purpose of Liberty Bonds was to:

• persuade farmers to consume fewer scarce goods during the war.
• get women to build war materials.
• get people to save money during the war.
• get people to help finance the war.