Chapter 3

What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?

• carbohydrates
• sunlight
• water
• carbon

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Autotrophs make up the _______ trophic level in all ecosystems.

• First
• Second
• Third
• Fourth

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What does a food web represent?

• All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
• The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
• A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
• How carnivores get their food. 

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The amount of energy that usually transfers from one trophic level to the next...

• 10%
• 20%
• 80%
• 50%

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The living portions of the ecosystem.

• Biotic factors
• Abiotic factors

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Water temperature would be an example of ...

• A biotic factor
• An abiotic factor

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A collection of organisms that belong to different populations but all live in the same area and interact with one another.

• Population
• Ecosystem
• Community
• Ecosphere

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A collection of organisms that make up a community as well as all of the nonliving aspects of the environment.

• Population
• Community
• Habitat
• Ecosystem

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Organisms that feed on both living producers and other consumers.

• Carnivores
• Omnivores
• Herbivores
• Detritivores

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An organism at the second trophic level would be considered a...

• Top carnivore
• Producer
• Herbivore
• Carnivore

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