Physical Science - Nuclear Energy

What is radioactivity?

• The movement of electrons around an atomic nucleus
• The emission of high-energy particles or waves from atoms
•  A term that describes the forces that hold atomic nuclei together
• The application of heat energy to an atomic nucleus

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

Which of the following best describes the process of nuclear fission? 

• Splitting an atom's nucleus apart 
• Separating an atom's electrons from its nucleus 
• Fusing two atomic nuclei together 
• Splitting an atom's electrons in half 

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

What would two different isotopes of an atom have in common?

• Number of neutrons 
• Number of protons
• Atomic weight 
• Atomic mass

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

What is a half-life?

• The average time it takes for any element to disappear completely 
• The time it takes for a radioactive atom to lose half its neutrons
• The time it takes for half of any number of radioactive atoms to decay
• The time it takes for a radioactive atom to lose half its electrons 

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

Imagine you have 50,000 atoms of uranium-238. If U-238 has a half-life of 4.5 billion years, how many U-238 atoms will be left after 4.5 billion years? 

• 25,000
• 50,000
• 12,500
• 0

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

What happens when the number of protons in an atom changes? 

• The number of electrons changes too 
• Usually nothing happens, unless the atom is radioactive 
• The atomic nucleus explodes
• It becomes a completely different atom, with different properties 

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

The time needed for half of a radioactive sample to decay is called its __________.

• decay period
• period
• transmutation time
• half-life

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How can radioactivity be useful?

• it can be used to microwave food
• It can be used in cancer treatments and pacemakers
• It can be used to create helpful gamma rays
• It can be used to create radioactive waste

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

Fluorine has an atomic number of 9. What can you conclude about an atom of fluorine from this fact? 

• It has nine protons
•  It weighs nine grams
• It has nine electron shells
• It has a boiling point of 9 degrees Celsius

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

In what part of an atom can protons be found? 

• Inside the electrons
• Inside the neutrons 
• Inside the atomic nucleus 
•  Inside the electron shells

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