Genetics Formative

In a pedigree chart, squares represent

• males
• females
• only children
• only adults

Which of the following is an example of a beneficial mutation?

• When an organism's lifespan becomes shorter.
• When an organism becomes unable to reproduce.
• When an organism's body becomes deformed.
• When an organism develops immunity to a disease.

Mutations are permanent changes in DNA.  What does this mean?

• The changes are minor.
• The changes cannot be undone.
• The changes are major.
• The changes can be undone.

When the genetic code of an organism is altered by artificial means, we call this

• adaptation
• selective breeding
• genetic engineering
• natural selection

True or False:  In a pedigree, the trait of interest is always recessive.

• True
• False

When a trait  is genetically determined by an allele located on an x chromosome, we call this _______

• a mutation
• incomplete dominance
• co-dominance
• a sex-linked trait

True or False:  A pedigree can show the heredity pattern for a specific trait.

• True
• False

Using the pedigree chart, answer the following question:  How many heterozygous people are there?

• seven
• six
• five
• four

A homozygous dominant red flower is crossed with a homozygous dominant white flower.  The offspring all have an intermediate phenotype between the parents.  What model of inheritance is this an example of?

• dominant-recessive
• co-dominance
• incomplete dominance

Which process is a common practice that has been used by farmers for hundreds of years to develop new plant and animal varieties?

• selective breeding
• cloning
• genetic engineering
• gene insertion