Judicial Branch

How are federal judges selected?

• Named by the President, confirmed by the Senate.

• Named by the President.

• They are elected.

• Named by the previous judge.

Fill in the blank on how a case gets to the Supreme Court:
1. Case is filed in a federal district court.
2. ???
3. Case is appealed to the US Supreme Court, which does one of the following:
a. Allows the lower court ruling to stand.
b. Sends the case back to the lower court for reconsideration.
c. Decides to try the case.

• Someone sues another person or group.
• The Supreme Court declares the law unconstitutional.
• The case is filed in a state court.
• The case is appealed to a federal court of appeals.

What did Alexander Hamilton mean when he said:
“Laws are a dead letter without courts to expound and define their true meaning and operation.”

• For laws to be effective, there must be courts to consistently interpret them.
• Laws that are not obeyed should be repealed by the courts.
• Laws don't mean anything.
• Courts were given all of the power when making laws.

What is "due process of law?"

• Government must not enact too many laws or regulations.

• Office holders and officials must be bound by the laws.

• The process of citizens following the law.

• Government must act fairly and in accordance with established rules.

What is a legal way the government limits individual rights for the public good?

• To promote safety: Require all drivers to wear seat belts

• To promote morals: Fine citizens if they do not vote

• To promote safety: Require children to attend school

• To promote health: Limit the profits of public utilities

How many Supreme Court Justices sit on the Supreme Court?

• 7

• 9

• 5

• 12

Choose the answer(s) that are true of Judicial Review.

• Allows the US Supreme Court the authority to choose which cases they will hear.

• Is the result of Marbury v Madison

• The actions of the executive and legislative branches of government are subject to review.

• Gives the US Supreme Court authority to rule actions unconstitutional.

The Supreme Court ruled in Baker v. Carr (1962) the idea of "one person, one vote" because:

• Citizens found a loophole and were able to case multiple ballots in an election, giving advantage to the candidate who's voters showed up the most.

• Non-citizens were able to show up and vote in elections.

• Representatives were voting for every member of their constituency, which took too much time.

• Representatives were not redistricting their states even after Census results showed a shift in population from rural to urban areas.

The Supreme Court ruling a State law unconstitutional is an example of what?

• Judicial Review

• Judicial Restraint

• Judicial Activism

• Jurisdiction

Appellate Jurisdiction is when:

• a court is the first to hear a case

• a court has the authority to hear a case

• a court reviews the decision of a lower court

• power is shared between the Federal and State courts to hear a certain case