Review: Enlightenment and Revolution

In general the Enlightenment philosophers believed in which of the following?

• expanding women's rights
• all Church decrees
• progress for society
• authoritarian rule

What was the significance of England's Bill of Rights?

• It returned the power to the monarchy and the Catholic Church
• It ensured that England would forever be ruled by Protestants
• It limited the power of the monarch and guaranteed rights of the people
• It gave all of the power to Parliament and reduced the need for a monarch

What did John Locke consider to be people's natural rights and how did he say these rights should be protected?

• the right to be selfish and ambitious; protected by a social contract
• the right to life liberty and property; protected by forming governments
• the right to overthrow a government; protected by a constitution
• the right to freedoms of religion and speech; protected by a republic

His book Leviathan laid out the case for needing an absolute authority to keep the peace in any form of government

• John Locke
• Jean Jacques Rousseau
• Charles Montesquieu
• Thomas Hobbes

What is a republic?

• a government in which citizens elect leaders who make government decisions
• a government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives
• a government in which one person rules
• a government in which the noble class rules

What was the Magna Carta?

• the formal summary of the rights and liberties of the people
• the laws that reflected the customs and principles established over time
• the document signed by King John guaranteeing certain English rights
• the assertion that the power of kings came from God

The Declaration of Independence was written by

• John Adams
• Benjamin Franklin
• Thomas Jefferson
• Patrick Henry

The Bill of Rights of the United States was influenced by

• Voltaire
• John Locke
• Jean Jacques Rousseau
• All of them

"We, the Japanese people, do proclaim that sovereign power resides with the people and do firmly establish this Constitution" - The Constitution of Japan 1946
The quotation from the Japanese constitution expresses the idea of

• federalism
• popular sovereignty
• individual rights
• separation of powers

The division of South Africa's government into executive- judicial- and legislative branches reflects the principle of

• federalism
• popular sovereignty
• individual rights
• separation of powers