Genetics Vocabulary

The study of heredity.

• Microbiology
• Genetics
• Chemistry
• Astronomy

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The Austrian monk who studied pea plants. His experiments helped him draw conclusions about how traits are inherited.

• Gregor Johann Mendel
• Charles Darwin
• James Watson
• Anthony van Leeuwenhoek

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A characteristic that varies among individuals. Examples include seed color and plant height.

• Chromosome
• DNA
• Trait
• Centromere

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A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and determines a trait.

• Sister Chromatid
• Homologous Chromosomes
• Genetics
• Gene

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The passing of genetic information from parent to offspring.

• Heredity
• Biology
• Dominance
• Crossing Over

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An organism's complete set of genetic instructions.

• Protein
• Phenotype
• Genome
• Characteristics

The genetic makeup of a trait. For example: Tt or TT (T = tall height)

• Genetics
• Genotype
• Chromosome
•  Eye color

The physical characteristic of a trait. For example: A tall pea plant

• Genotype
• RNA
• DNA
• Phenotype

The different forms of a gene. For example: yellow vs. green seeds

• Punnet Square
• Homologous Chromosomes
• Allele
• Gene

Having two of the same alleles for a trait. For example: TT or tt

• Homozygous
• Heterozygous
• Dominant
• Recessive