Earthquake Review/Pre-Test

Which best explains how plate movements at a transform fault cause earthquakes?

• Energy is released as two plates push against each other.
• Energy is released as one plate subducts beneath another plate.
• Energy is released as two plates pull apart, causing the thin crust barelyformed between them to rupture and fall away.
• Energy is released as plates sliding past each other finally overcome therough spots that had inhibited their movement.

How does a scientist measure the distance of an earthquake's epicenter from a recording station?

• by measuring the magnitude of the earthquake
• by measuring the amount of damage done to the recording station
• by measuring the time difference between the first P-wave and the first S-wave
• by measuring the total distance at which an earthquake's effects are felt

Which of the following is used to quantify the magnitude of an earthquake?

• Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
• Richter scale
• Geiger counter
• pH meter

Which of the following best describes P waves?

• the waves that remain near the epicenter
• the faster of the two kinds of earthquake waves
• the most destructive kind of earthquake wave
• the waves that produce data on a seismometer

Which of the following best describes S waves?

• the waves that cause the most damage
• the waves that contain energy
• the waves that travel in all directions
• the waves that are released during aftershocks

What is an earthquake's Mercalli scale rating based on?

• amplitude of waves
• frequency of waves
• intensity of damage
• duration of earthquake

What is a fault?

• A place where two tectonic plates meet
• A break in the Earth's lithosphere
• A shaking of the ground cause by the movement of large rocks
• An opening in the Earth's crust where magma comes up

Where are most faults located?

• Along plate boundaries
• Along mountain ranges
• Near volcanoes
• In the ocean

How are faults classified?

• By how big they are
• By where in the world they are
• By how the rocks move
• By the number of earthquakes that occur along them

In what type of fault does rock move down and away?

• Normal fault
• Reverse Fault
• Strike-slip fault