ATI Practice Test Fluid and Electrolyte

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values of a client who has CKD (chronic kidney disease). Which of the following sets of ABG values should the nurse expect to assess.

• pH 7.25, HCO3- 19 mEq/L, PaCO2 30 mm Hg
• pH 7.30, HCO3- 26 mEq/L, PaCO2 50 mm Hg
• pH 7.50, HCO3- 20 mEq/L, PaCO2 32 mm Hg
• pH 7.55, HCO3- 30 mEq/L, PaCO2 31 mm Hg

A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease and a new prescription for epoetin alfa. The nurse should instruct the client to increase dietary intake of which of the following substances?

• Iron
• Protein
• Potassium
• Sodium

A nurse is caring for a client who has a fungal infection and has a new prescription for amphotericin B. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider before initiating the medication?

• Sodium 140 mEq/L
• Potassium 4.5 mEq/L
• BUN 55 mg/dL
• Glucose 120 mg/dL

A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney disease about fluid restrictions. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse identify as understanding of the teaching?

• "I should consume most of the fluid during the evening."
• "I will make a list of my favorite beverages."
• "I will put beverages in large containers to give the appearance of drinking a lot."
• "I will not add ice cream to the amount of fluid intake."

A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) and states she has heartburn. The provider prescribes aluminum hydroxide. The client asks, "Why can't I just take the antacid magaldrate my husband has at home?" The nurse explains to the client that aluminum hydroxide is the preferred antacid because it lowers which of the following?

• Serum phosphorus levels
• Serum potassium levels
• Serum magnesium levels
• Serum calcium levels

A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods that are high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

• Tomatoes
• Asparagus
• Green Beans
• Apple

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new arteriovenous (AV) fistula in the right forearm. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching as a possible indication of venous insufficiency?

• A raised red rash around the fistula site
• Pain in the right arm proximal to the fistula site
• Cold and  numbness distal to the fistula site
• Foul-smelling drainage from the fistula site

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD).The nurse should instruct the client to limit which of the following nutrients?

• Protein, Phosphorus, and Sodium
• Calcium, Phosphorus, and Calories
• Sodium, Calcium, and Magnesium
• Magnesium, Sodium, and Calories

A nurse is caring for a client with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) who is an inpatient on the hospital progressive care unit (PCU). The client is scheduled for hemodialysis today and the nurse anticipates which of the following medications will be administered as part of the client's morning medication regimen with breakfast?

• furosemide (Lasix)
• calcium acetate (PhosLo)
• sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
• multivitamin (Replavite)

A nurse is discussing kidney transplant with a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this treatment?

• Body mass index (BMI) of 30
• Pacemaker
• 65-years of age
• Chronic infection