Evidence for Evolution

What is suggested by the similarity of early embryos of different species of vertebrates?

• no evolutionary relationships between the groups
• recent common ancestry
• similar environments in the past
• evolution from a distant common ancestor

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequence
• exactly the same DNA sequences
• no proteins in common
• completely different DNA sequence

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

What is speciation?

• combining of tow species to form one with different traits
• isolation that affects mating behaviors
• timing of mating that prevents normal sexual selection
• divergence of two or more species from an existing one

How would you describe this evolution?

• Homologous structure
• Analogous structure
• Structural adaption
• Functional adaption

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

• vestigial structures
• homologous structures
• adaptive radiation
• fossil

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?

• Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years
• Fossils show that some species have gone extinct
• Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past
• Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

The forelimbs of vertebrates, like the ones pictured here, are similar in terms of number of bones and the orientation of bones. Which best describes how comparing homologous structures provides evidence of evolution?

• The genes for the body plan and forelimb layout were present in a common ancestral species vertebrates share, thus passed onto all vertebrates.
• Similar anatomical structures show how animals adapt to changing environments
• Homologous structures show that different species evolve at different rates
• Homologous structures don’t actually provide evidence for evolution

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

A fossil of an extinct dinosaur is found and the anatomy of the fossil shows similarities to that of a bird. What could this mean?

• This is purely by chance and isn't significant
• The extinct dinosaur and modern bird share a common ancestor
• All dinosaurs evolved into birds and that's why there aren't any dinosaurs alive today
• Dinosaurs choose to fly, and evolved into birds to escape predation and capture food

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

What type of evolution do homologous structures show?

• convergent
• divergent
• artificial selection
• disruptive selection

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2