Ecosystems Review

Which example shows a relationship between a living thing and a non-living thing?

• An insect is food for salmon.
• Water carries a rock downstream.
• A tree gets nutrients from the soil.
• A flower makes food for a butterfly.

Mushrooms are helping to break down the remains of a rotting log in the forest. how do the actions of the mushrooms benefit the other plants in the area?

• By returning nutrients to the soil.
• By releasing oxygen into the air.
• By making space for new animals.
• By decreasing the population of herbivores.

Which fact below describes one way the bowerbird changes its environment to meet its needs?

• Bowerbirds live in tropical regions of Australia.
• Females lay 1-2 eggs that hatch in about 20 days.
• The diet of bowerbirds consists of fruits and flowers.
• Males design amazing, large nests with colored objects in them to attract females.

A small gray moth goes through a larva stage. The larva lives inside a seed capsule. The larva move around to get to parts of the seed it can eat and to reach shade. Which statement below describes an interaction that is important for the plant to survive but could be harmful for the larva?

• Absorbing sunlight to make food.
• Larva moving inside the seed.
• Absorbing water through the roots.
• Larva using seed for food.

There are areas in the oceans that are called dead zones. These areas do not have enough air for living things to survive. Marine life in these areas either die or leave. Areas that would normally have many organisms become underwater deserts instead. The immediate problem that causes living things to leave the area is....

• They do not have water to survive.
• They do not have air to survive.
• They do not have nutrients to survive.
• They do not have plants to survive.

All of the following are examples of living things interacting with each other EXCEPT---

• birds using trees as a place to raise young.
• squirrels spreading the seeds of trees by burying them.
• fish usingaquatic plants to lay their eggs. 
• frogs burrowing in the mud at the bottom of a pond to stay warm.

Some plants have seedpods that stick to animal fur. Why is this kind of seedpod helpful to plants?

• the seedpods get food from animal fur.
• The seedpods are kept warm by animal fur.
• The animal carries the seedpods to an area where a new plant has space to grow.
• The animal helps the seedpods mix with pollen from another plant.

Pupfish have been living in a saltwater lake for thousands of years. over time, the lake has been slowly getting smaller. Which of the following is most likely to happen as a result of the lake shrinking?

• There will be more pupfish because there will be plenty of space for them.
• There will be fewer pupfish because there will not be enough space for them.
• The lake will become saltier because more pupfish will grow.
• The lake will become less salty because fewer pupfish will grow.

Which fact below is an example of the fiddler crab changing its environment to meet its need?

• It moves sideways.
• It digs burrows in the ground to hide.
• It sheds its shells as it grows.
• All of the above.

1. What is an adaptation?

• A feature or behavior that helps an animal survie.
• The food that an animal eats.
• How energy moves in a food web.