Cognitive Level of Analysis General Learning Outcomes

Which of the following IS NOT one of the three principles of the cognitive level of analysis?

• Human beings are information processors and that mental representations guide behaviour
• Mental processes can and should be studied scientifically by developing theories and by using a variety of research methods
• Social and cultural factors affect cognitive processes 
• All behaviors have physiological correlates

Cognition is

• The way we take in information from the outside world, how we make sense of that information and what use we make of it. 
• The summation of our behaviors
• The ability to form new memories
• The physiological evidence of thought, such as neural and biochemical activity in the brain

Which of the following studies WOULD NOT be useful to answer the question about the principles of the CLOA?

• Sharot "Flash Bulb Memories of 9/11"
• Glanzer and Cunitz "Multi-store model of memory"
• Bartlett "War of the Ghosts"
• All of these would be useful

Our minds tend to process new information by trying to make it fit our existing ways of understanding the world. This is an example of:

• Schema theory
• The recency effect
• The Hawthorne Effect
• The unreliability of memory

What was proven by the Glanzer and Cunitz "Multi-Store model of memory" experiment?

• Sensory, short term, and long term memories are created and stored differently.
• Emotional memories are processed differently than normal long term memories.
• False memories can be implanted in test subjects
• The human mind remembers numbers more easily than letters

What were the conclusions of the Sharot "Flash Bulb Memory" study?

• Emotional memories are stored differently than normal long term memories because the amygdala is involve in processing them.
• The hippocampus alone processes all long term memories.
• The "recency effect" is what allows humans to remember things for 3-5 seconds
• Eyewitness testimony can be extremely unreliable, even with multiple witnesses

What was the procedure of Bartlett's "War of the Ghosts" study?

• English people were asked to read and recall a traditional Native American story
• Researchers asked subjects to recall a car crash, but used different verbs each time.
• Participants were asked to recall a traumatic memory and a pleasant long-term memory.
• Subjects had to memorize strings of letters.

The results of Bartlett's War of the Ghosts study are most effective in proving which of the following?

• Social and cultural factors affect cognitive processes 
• Human beings are information processors and that mental representations guide behaviour
• Ethical behavior guidelines are easily broken
• Case studies are an essential part of psychological research

Which of the following studies involved use of an fMRI to study brain activity?

• Loftus and Palmer "Car Crash"
• Curtiss "Genie" case study
• Sharot "Flash Bulb Memory"
• Bartlett "War of the Ghosts"

Which two types of research are most commonly used in the CLOA?

• Experiments and Case Studies
• Case Studies and naturalistic observation
• Experiments and naturalistic observation