Living Environment Regents Review 2

The failure of the human body to effectively maintain dynamic equilibrium can result in

•  reproductive success
•  gene manipulation
•  differentiation
•  disease

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Melanoma is a type of cancer in which abnormal skin cells divide uncontrollably. Some chemotherapy drugs, which stop the growth of the cancer, directly interfere with the process of

• meiosis 
• coordination
• mitosis
•  recombination

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Riding a bicycle requires balance and constant adjustment and monitoring by the rider in order to continue cycling. Successfully riding a bicycle most directly results from the ability to

•  sexually reproduce
•  grow and develop
• detect and respond to change
•  metabolize food for energy

 The first successful transplant of insulin producing cells from a living donor pancreas was completed in April 2000 in Japan. This enabled the body of the recipient to

• regulate fat concentration by a feedback mechanism
• provide protection against an infectious disease
•  slow down the heart rate after a period of activity ends
•  maintain blood sugar levels throughout the day

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A 6-year-old child ate a peanut butter sandwich at snack time in school. Five minutes later, her throat became swollen and she collapsed. This allergic reaction occurred because her body

•  recognized an antigen in peanut butter and produced antibiotics against it
•  digested the white blood cells that can recognize an antigen in peanut butter
•  did not recognize an antigen in peanut butter and could not produce antibodies against it
•  recognized an antigen in peanut butter and produced an immune response

Which type of organism helps to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide?

• Carnivores
• Producers
• Decomposers
• Herbivores

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Which statement best describes an ecosystem maintaining a state of approximate equilibrium?

• Nutrients from decayed organisms are recycled in a forest ecosystem.
•  All the frog species in a South American rain forest become extinct.
• A mutation spreads through a species of bacterium, making them unable to decompose wastes
•  Mice are released into a field ecosystem as food for a declining predator population.

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In some parts of the world, forests are being cut down and burned to clear land for new homes and new farmland. A negative effect of these activities might be

• an increase in global warming
• destruction of the ozone shield
•  a decrease in the average temperature of the atmosphere
•  an increase in biodiversity of the deforested areas

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Testosterone directly affects the

• formation of a zygote
• changes within an ovary
•  production of sperm cells
• development of a placenta

In the cells of the human body, oxygen molecules are used directly in a process that

•  releases energy
•  digests fat
• synthesizes carbohydrate molecules
•  alters the genetic traits of the cell

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