6e Mutations

The survival of a species depends on its ability to adapt to changes in the environment. Which statement correctly describes a way that mutations increase the likelihood that a species will survive in a changing environment?

• Mutations are a source of variation in the species
• Mutations are the cause of disease in the species
• Mutations are not harmful when they occur in somatic cells
• Mutations are always passed on to subsequent generations

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

In the 1960's the molecular biologist George Streisinger developed the strand-slippage hypothesis. Streisinger notieced that mutations occured in areas of DNA that contained many repeated sequences. When a strand-slippage error occurs, an insertion mutation can result. How does the insertion affect the DNA?

• Nitrogen bases are added
• Nitrogen bases are exchanged
• Nitrogen bases are damaged
• Nitrogen bases are deleted

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Early-onset Alzheimer's disease affects people under the age of 65. Less than 5% of people who are diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease have this type. Many cases of early-onset Alzheimer's disease are inherited, a type of known as familial Alzheimer's diseas (FAD). Which statement is best supported by this information?

• FAD is the result of a genetic change in one or more chromosomes
• Natural selection will continue to reduce the incidence of FAD
• FAD affects only the genes of middle-aged people
• Deletion of one amino acid causes FAD

Sickle-shaped red blood cells result from a mutation in the gene that codes for hemoglobin. This mutation results in sickle-cell anemia. A partial sequence of bases from a normal hemoglobin gene and a sequence that results in sickle-cell anemia are shown. What type of mutation is depicted  in this sequence?

• Deletion
• Frameshift
• Insertion
• Substitution

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A mutation that occurs in the gametes of an organism will most likely be transferred to which of the following?

• The siblings of the organism
• The offspring of the organism
• The other organisms living nearby
• The mating partner of the organism

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Which of these changes to the DNA triplet 3"GCT 5" will affect the protein produced?

• TCT
• TCC
• CTT
• GCA

A segment of DNA produces methionine, threonine, histidine, aspartate, and glycine when translated. A substitution mutation occurs and causes the sythesis of the segment shown. Which is the new peptide chain when the new DNA segment is translated?

• methionine, leucine, histidine, aspartate, glycine
• methionine, phenylalanine, histidine, aspartate, glycine
• Methionine, proline, histidine, aspartate, glycine
• methionine, serine, histidine, aspartate, glycine

Which mutation will cause translation to stop? 

• Mutations 1 and 3 only
• Mutation 1 only
• Mutation 2 only
• Muations 1, 2, 3