EOC Practice #3

Which Enlightenment thinker believed all people were born equal, with the "Natural Rights" of life, liberty, and property?

• Voltaire
• John Locke
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• Baron de Montesquieu

Read this quotation from the Magna Carta"
"No freeman shall be taken, imprisoned... or in any other way destroyed... except by the lawful judgement of his peers or by the law of the land."
Which statement best expresses how the Magna Carta shaped the colonists' view of government?

• They supported the concept of three branches of government.
• They believed citizens should be able to petition the government for changes in laws.
• They expected government to protect free speech and property rights.
• They believed leaders should obey the law, and that citizens had a right to trial by jury.

Events Leading to Independence:
Put these events in the correct sequence -  
1 - Declaration of Independence issued
2 - British Parliament passes Tea Act
3 - Boston Tea Party protests British policies
4 - First battles of the American Revolution are fought

• 2-1-4-3
• 4-2-3-1
• 2-3-4-1
• 1-2-4-3

The Declaration of Independence lists many offenses committed by Britain against the colonists. Which of the following offenses refers to a protection that had been first established in the Magna Carta?

• "For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world"
• "For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent"
• "For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury"
• "For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended fence"

According to the Declaration of Independence, what is the main purpose of government?

• to provide for the common defense
• to ceate a strong national government
• to protect the interests of the states
• to protect citizens' rights to Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness

Which term should be used to replace the question mark?
Declaration of Independence > ? > Constitution

• Magna Carta
• Mayflower Compact
• Articles of Confederation
• Bill of Rights

Read the Preamble to the Constitution:
"We the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union., establish Justice, insure Domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."
What does the phrase "to ourselves and our Posterity" suggest about the goals of the Founding Fathers/

• They wanted a to create a long lasting government that would protect liberty for future generations.
• They were willing to sacrifice their own liberty for the benefit of their children.
• They aimed to create a strong government, independent of the will of the people. 
• They wanted to create a social contract that future Americans could not break.

Use the diagram to answer the question. Which of the following completes the diagram?

• The Supreme Court can declare executive acts unconstitutional.
• The Supreme Court can appoint federal judges. 
• The Supreme Court can declare acts of Congress unconstitutional.
• The Supreme Court can grant pardons and reprieves for federal crimes.

What did Federalists and Antifederalists disagree about most strongly?

• creating a system of checks and balances
• a strong national government
• protecting individual liberties
• increasing the power of the confederation

Read these two quotations:
"Where-ever law ends, tyranny begins." - John Locke (1690)
"That in America THE LAW IS KING. For as in absolute governments the King is law, so in free countries the law ought to be King; and there ought to be no other." - Thomas Paine (1776)
Which conclusion about the rule of law is best supported by these quotations?

• The rule of law leads to tyranny.
• Freedom and the rule of law cannot exist together.
• People in positions of power must enact fair laws.
• The rule of law is necessary for limited government.