AP Ch 24

Which of the various species concepts distinguishes two species based on the degree of genetic exchange between their gene pools?

• phylogenetic
• ecological
• biological
• morphological

Two species of frogs belonging to the same genus occasionally mate, but the offspring fail to develop and hatch. What is the mechanism for keeping the two frog species separate?

• the postzygotic barrier called hybrid inviability
• the postzygotic barrier called hybrid breakdown
• the prezygotic barrier called hybrid sterility
• gametic isolation

The difference between geographic isolation and habitat differentiation is the

• amount of genetic variation that occurs among two gene pools as speciation occurs.
• relative locations of two populations as speciation occurs.
• identity of the phylogenetic kingdom or domain in which these phenomena occur.
• speed (tempo) at which two populations undergo speciation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

Which of these should decline in hybrid zones where reinforcement is occurring?

• mutation rate
• speciation
• gene flow between distinct gene pools
• the genetic distinctness of two gene pools

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

The most likely explanation for the high rate of sympatric speciation that apparently existed among the cichlids of Lake Victoria in the past is

• polyploidy
• habitat differentiation.
• introduction of a new predator.
• sexual selection.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

The most likely explanation for the recent decline in cichlid species diversity in Lake Victoria is

• reinforcement
• fusion
• stability
• geographic isolation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

According to the concept of punctuated equilibrium, the "sudden" appearance of a new species in the fossil record means that

• speciation occurred instantaneously.
• speciation occurred in one generation.
• speciation occurred rapidly in geologic time.
• the species will consequently have a relatively short existence, compared with other species.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

In order for speciation to occur, what must be true?

• At least one gene, affecting at least one phenotypic trait, must change.
• Large numbers of genes that affect numerous phenotypic traits must change.
• Changes to centromere location or chromosome size must occur within the gene pool.
• The number of chromosomes in the gene pool must change.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

Which of the following factors would not contribute to allopatric speciation?

• Different mutations begin to distinguish the gene pools of the separated populations.
• The separated population is small, and genetic drift occurs.
• Gene flow between the two populations is extensive.
• The isolated population is exposed to different selection pressures than the ancestral population.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

Plant species A has a diploid number of 12. Plant species B has a diploid number of 16. A new species, C, arises as an allopolyploid from A and B. The diploid number for species C would probably be

• 14.
• 28.
• 16
• 56