A Growing America

Factory managers were encouraged to view workers as interchangeable parts by

• Terence V. Powderly, to create employment opportunities for all union members
• Frederick W. Taylor, to increase efficiency and worker productivity.
• Henry Ford, to speed automobile production and make cars more widely available.
• Andrew Carnegie, to encourage the firing of disruptive workers and the hiring of obedient ones

Which of the following best describes Exodusters?

• settlers who moved west to establish religious communities
• .former slaves who migrated in large numbers to Kansas from the South
• Native Americans who lived in shelters carved into limestone
• miners who moved west in search of gold

Andrew Carnegie managed to keep costs of production for his steel mills low by

• applying for government loans and taking advantage of corporate tax breaks.
• using assembly lines and other advanced manufacturing methods
• purchasing machinery to produce steel instead of hiring workers.
• buying the businesses involved in each step of the manufacturing process.

The poorly built, overcrowded apartment buildings often occupied by immigrants were called

• skyscrapers.
• tenements
• settlement houses
• benevolent societies

What was the main activity of cowboys in the late 1800s?

• managing their ranches
• breeding horses to sell at auctions
• maintaining order in cattle towns
• herding cattle to markets or to the plains for grazing

The mining boom began following the

• invention of dynamite by Alfred Nobel
• discovery of the Comstock Lode
• founding of the National Union of Miners.
• passage of the Homestead Act.

Why were immigrants often forced to take low-paying industrial jobs?

• Immigrants lacked the skills needed to obtain higher-paying jobs
• Americans refused to allow immigrants to farm
• Hiring immigrants for other jobs was illegal
• Immigrants did not have the equipment to work in any other fields

In the 1890s African Americans moved from the rural South to northern cities in order to

• change their identities
• live in a place with many different cultures.
• escape discrimination and find jobs
• escape religious persecution

How did the federal government assist railway companies in the construction of the transcontinental railroad?

• granted them millions of acres of public land that they could sell for cash
• used taxpayer dollars to pay-off debts incurred during construction
• did not charge them taxes on land and materials bought for the project
• promised them exclusive contracts to be the official carriers of the U.S. mail

The airplane constructed by Wilbur and Orville Wright was powered 

• coal.
• wind.
• gas.
• steam.