Exploration

In 1492, Christopher Columbus landed in what part of the Western Hemisphere? 

• South America 
• Central America 
• Florida Peninsula 
• Caribbean islands 

Which of the following activities enabled European nations to increase trade and wealth during the Commercial Revolution? 

• ending capitalism 
• establishing colonies 
• developing feudalism 
• practicing isolationism 

How did Spanish colonies in the New World support a policy of mercantilism? 

• They organized labor unions for balanced wages. 
• They built large factories for industrial production. 
• They provided precious metals for financial capital. 
• They supplied hardy livestock for international markets. 

What did the triumphs of Cortes and Pizarro do for the Spanish? 

• They mapped the entire coastline of Central and South America. 
• The converted large numbers of indigenous people to Catholicism. 
• They opened the New World for future Spanish colonization. 
• They began the trade with both Spice Islands and the Americas. 

How did slave labor foster the system of Triangular Trade? 

• Slave labor increased the speed of ships crossing the Atlantic Ocean. 
• Slave labor increased the production of the sugar needed to make rum. 
• The demand for slave labor reduced the market for tobacco and cotton. 
• The demand for slave labor moved the central trade routes to the Pacific Ocean. 

What is one way the use of slave labor in the Americas contributed to an expansion of the Atlantic slave trade? 

• by decreasing the likelihood of famine or drought 
• by reducing the need for fertilizers or crop rotation 
• by raising the demand for livestock like cattle and horses 
• by increasing the production of cash crops like sugar and tobacco 

What is one way contact with Atlantic slave traders impacted many West African states? 

• The introduction of rum contributed to declining health. 
• The introduction of horses contributed to better farming. 
• The introduction of firearms contributed to increased violence. 
• The introduction of smallpox contributed to widespread disease. 

One effect of European expansion in the 16th and 17th centuries was that it — 

• disrupted trade relations with East Asia 
• introduced slavery to the Western Hemisphere 
• discouraged the growth of a European middle class 
• encouraged the creation of a European alliance system 

As a result of the Columbian Exchange, western Europeans were introduced to — 

• the Incan practice of terrace farming 
• advanced military technologies from the Aztecs 
• new food crops that improved the European diet 
• diseases that drastically reduced the population of Europe 

How did the Columbian Exchange bring devastation to the natives of the Americas? 

• through the introduction of rats from Europe 
• through the introduction of wine from Europe 
• through the introduction of tobacco from Europe 
• through the introduction of smallpox from Europe