What are the three components of a nucleotide?

sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

carbonate, hydrogen, nitrogen base

If a DNA molecule is 18% Guanine which of the following is correct

18% cytosine, 32% adenine, 32% thymine

32% cytosine, 18% adenine, 32% thymine

18% cytosine, 64% adenine, 64% thymine

32% cytosine, 32% adenine, 18% thymine

What is meant by the description "antiparallel" regarding the strands that make up DNA?

The 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand.

The twisting nature of DNA creates nonparallel strands.

One strand is positively charged and the other is negatively charged.

Base pairings create unequal spacing between the two DNA strands

What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication?

It joins Okazaki fragments together.

It catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres.

It synthesizes RNA nucleotides to make a primer.

It unwinds the parental double helix.

What is meant that DNA replication follows a “semi-conservative” model?

After DNA replication, each strand contains one side that is a parental strand and the other side is a daughter strand.

After DNA replication, one completed strand contains only parental DNA while the other contains only daughter DNA.

None of these identify the “semi-conservative” model.

After DNA replication, one completed strand contains a mixture of both parental DNA and daughter DNA dispersed throughout the strand.

What is the function of telomeres on a DNA strand?

When cell continually replicate, the DNA gets shorter so by adding telomeres to the ends of DNA, they extend the life of a cell.

They are used as a recognition site for DNA helicase to bond & begin "unzipping" the strand for replication.

They bond the Okazaki fragments together forming a continuous replication of DNA on the lagging strand.

They help untangle the DNA strand prior to DNA helicase's arrival to unzip the DNA strand, readying it for replication.

In E. coli, there is a mutation in a gene called dnaB that alters the DNA helicase that normally acts at the origin. Which of the following would you expect as a result of this mutation?

No replication fork will be formed.

Replication will occur via RNA polymerase alone.

What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during DNA replication?

the nucleotide sequence of the template strand

the particular DNA polymerase catalyzing the reaction

the relative amounts of the four nucleoside triphosphates in the cell

the primase used in the reaction e. the arrangement of histones in the sugar phosphate backbone

You briefly expose bacteria undergoing DNA replication to radioactively labeled nucleotides. When you centrifuge the DNA isolated from the bacteria, the DNA separates into two classes. One class of labeled DNA includes very large molecules (thousands or even millions of nucleotides long), and the other includes short stretches of DNA (several hundred to a few thousand nucleotides in length). These two classes of DNA probably represent

leading strands and Okazaki fragments.

leading strands and RNA primers.

Okazaki fragments and RNA primers.

lagging strands and Okazaki fragments.

Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in eukaryotes for which of the following reasons?

Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have many.

Prokaryotic chromosomes have histones, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes do not.

The rate of elongation during DNA replication is slower in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes.

Prokaryotes produce Okazaki fragments during DNA replication, but eukaryotes do not.

Why does the DNA double helix have a uniform diameter?

C nucleotides pair with A nucleotides.

Deoxyribose sugars bind with ribose sugars.

Nucleotides bind with nucleoside triphosphates.

AP DNA Structure and Replication

12th Grade - University

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Enzyme that unwinds the DNA

Seals the Okazaki fragments together

Adds nucleotides to the newly synthesized strand of DNA

synthesizes a short fragment of RNA that allows DNA polymerase III to bind

removes the RNA primer and adds DNA nucleotides to fill in the gap

repetitive sequences of DNA on the ends of chromosomes (TTAGGG)

Experiment that radioactively labeled the proteins and DNA of bacteriophages to determine if DNA or protein was the transforming agent

The table shows the results of measuring the percentages of the four bases in the DNA of several different organisms. Some of the values are missing from the table. Based on Chargaff’s rule, the percentages of guanine bases in chicken DNA should be approximately what?

Based on Chargaff’s rule, the percentage of cytosine in the DNA of the bacterium, S. lutea in the table, should be approximately what?

Name this structure

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